Category: Naval History

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Marching Through Memory: Honoring the Legacy of the Bataan Death March

Introduction

As we momentarily set aside our analysis on the U.S. Navy’s fiscal year 2025 budget, it’s crucial to turn our attention to a matter of profound respect and remembrance. The recent participation of hundreds in retracing the harrowing steps of the Bataan Death March is not just important news; it’s a heartfelt tribute that honors both the fallen and the living who carry forward the legacy of bravery and sacrifice. This act of commemorati serves as a powerful reminder of the resilience and spirit of those who served, connecting past valor with present-day reverence. 

In a poignant act of remembrance and homage, hundreds of volunteers have come together to retrace the harrowing steps of the Bataan Death March, a grim episode from World War II where thousands of Filipino and American soldiers, including numerous U.S. Navy sailors, suffered severe hardships. This commemorative march not only honors the past but also serves as a profound reflection on service and sacrifice.

Why This Matters

The Bataan Death March stands as a somber symbol of the extreme adversities faced by soldiers during wartime. The participation of hundreds in this reenactment underscores a collective commitment to remembering and honoring the sacrifices made by those who have served in the military, ensuring their stories continue to resonate in our collective memory.

Key Takeaways

  1. The original Bataan Death March was a forced march of 76,000 prisoners of war (66,000 Filipinos and 10,000 Americans) by the Japanese military in April 1942, resulting in significant loss of life.
  2. Modern participants, including civilians and service members, voluntarily undertake a 26.2-mile trek through White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, to honor the victims of the original march.
  3. The event has grown over the years, symbolizing a broader tribute to all veterans and serving as a tangible connection to the past.
  4. The Bataan Memorial Death March serves as a poignant act of physical remembrance, connecting participants with the harrowing experiences of the soldiers and sailors in 1942.
  5. The story of the USS Bataan (LHD 5) and its dedication of the flight deck to “Bull” Benini, a survivor of the Death March, underscores the enduring legacy of the march and its impact on military and naval heritage.
  6. The annual event and the USS Bataan’s tribute highlight the importance of service before self, a principle deeply rooted in the hearts of those who serve and remember.
  • Backdrop of Bravery

The Bataan Death March originated during the early stages of World War II, following the fall of the Bataan Peninsula in the Philippines to Japanese forces. Among the defenders were thousands of ill-prepared American troops, including U.S. Navy sailors, and Filipino soldiers, who faced not only the enemy but also disease, starvation, and eventual capture.

Enduring Legacy

Today, the Bataan Memorial Death March reenacts this pivotal moment in history, bringing together participants from various backgrounds to endure a grueling 26.2-mile journey through challenging terrain, mirroring the hardships faced by the original marchers. This event serves both as a physical and emotional tribute to the endurance, sacrifice, and spirit of those who suffered during the original march.

In a deeply resonant act of homage, the amphibious assault ship USS Bataan (LHD 5) held a ceremony that further bridged the gap between past and present. On May 20, the ship’s flight deck was dedicated to Alcide ‘Bull’ Benini, a World War II combat veteran and a resilient survivor of the Bataan Death March. This tribute, presided over by Bataan’s Commanding Officer Capt. John ‘J.C.’ Carter, not only honored Benini’s indomitable spirit but also symbolized the collective memory and ongoing respect for all who have faced such trials. Naming the 844-foot flight deck ‘Bull Benini Field’ stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of service and sacrifice, ensuring that the valor and perseverance of those like Benini are forever etched into the annals of naval history.

Personal Reflections

Participants carry the weight of history, both literally and figuratively, as they traverse the New Mexico desert. Many bear personal mementos or photographs, like Marine Corps Cpl. Christopher Sanders, who carries a photo of his late father, or Katherine Schneider, who honors her grandfather’s service in World War II. These personal tributes add a poignant layer to the march, bridging generations and individual stories of service and sacrifice.

Conclusion

The reenactment of the Bataan Death March is more than a physical challenge; it’s a profound act of remembrance that connects the present to a pivotal moment in the past. Through the sweat, tears, and determination of the participants, the spirit and sacrifice of those who endured the original march are honored and remembered, ensuring that their legacy continues to inspire future generations.

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Celebrating the Backbone of the U.S. Navy – The Chief Petty Officers

U.S.Navy Chiefs in Dress Whites
Bill Cullifer, Founder

As the founder of Americans for a Stronger Navy, I am filled with immense respect and admiration for the steadfast pillars of our maritime force—the U.S. Navy Chiefs. Today, we don’t just celebrate a rank; we honor a legacy of leadership that has steadfastly weathered the storms and sailed through the tides of change.

The Navy Chief is more than a rank; it’s a symbol of trust, a badge of honor, and a beacon of wisdom amidst the gales of the high seas. They are the seasoned navigators who guide our ships with an invisible compass, one that points to ‘North’ as surely as it does to ‘Right.’

Let’s raise our glasses—or our crusty old coffee mugs for those early morning watches—to the Chiefs. They’ve mastered the art of speaking in acronyms, a language so complex it could confound even the most seasoned cryptologists. In their world, “CPO” stands not just for Chief Petty Officer but also for “Chief of Problem-Solving Operations.”

Today, we recognize the Chiefs for their unwavering commitment, ensuring that ‘shipshape’ isn’t just a condition, but a way of life. Their humor is as dry as the paperwork they shuffle, and their hearts as vast as the oceans they defend.

The Chief’s Mess, encompassing all Chief Petty Officers within the Navy, is not merely a group of senior non-commissioned officers; it’s a collective of mentors, technical experts, and the vital link between enlisted ranks and Navy leadership.

What is a Navy Chief?

Achieving the rank of CPO, whether as a Chief, Senior Chief, or Master Chief, signifies the first step in a journey epitomizing the pinnacle of enlisted leadership. It’s a title earned through unwavering dedication, expertise, and leadership.

Why Chiefs Matter

Chiefs bridge the gap between junior enlisted personnel and the officer corps, ensuring the Navy’s rich traditions are upheld while fostering the next generation of sailors and leaders.

The Navy’s Chief Season

The Chief’s Season, a time-honored rite of passage, solidifies a sailor’s transition into the Chief’s Mess. This tradition, steeped in history, has evolved from simple rites to a structured period of professional development and mentorship, shaping sailors into leaders ready to guide their fellow sailors through the challenges of naval service.

With Great Power, Comes Great Responsibility

The journey to becoming a Chief is arduous and competitive, demanding not only technical expertise but leadership, accountability, and prioritization under pressure. It’s a transformative experience, designed to inculcate the values, responsibilities, and the ethos of what it means to be a Chief Petty Officer in the Navy.

Evolving Traditions

The Chief’s Season has adapted to align with modern professional standards, focusing on constructive training and leadership development. The goal is to integrate new Chiefs into the close-knit community of the Chief’s Mess, ensuring they are welcomed as equals and respected leaders.

A Tradition of Excellence

The tradition of the Chief Petty Officer is a testament to the enduring strength and character of naval service, bridging the past with the present and guiding the future.

As we toast to the Keepers of Tradition, the Guardians of Discipline, and the Jesters of the Mess, may your anchors be steady, your coffee strong, and your birthdays happy. Thank you for being the backbone of our blue-water fleet, the “Protector of The Seas,” and for every “aye aye” that has kept our Navy strong and free.

Looking Ahead

As we chart the course for the future, Americans for a Stronger Navy is proud to welcome Eryck P. Stamper, ITCS(SW/AW/EXW) USN ret., as the Senior Advisor for Navy Recruitment Initiatives. His extensive experience and dedication to naval service make him an invaluable asset in our mission to navigate the currents of recruitment challenges and strengthen the future of our Navy.

Happy Birthday, Chiefs! Your wisdom and humor are the guiding lights that will continue to lead us forward. Fair winds and following seas.

As we honor the legacy of our Chiefs, let’s also embrace the journey ahead, inspired by leaders like Eryck Stamper and fueled by the promise of a stronger Navy for tomorrow’s seas. What steps can we all take to support this mission and ensure the enduring strength and vitality of our naval forces?

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Guiding Stars: The Remarkable Journey of Gladys West and Her Pivotal Role in Shaping GPS Technology

Gladys West and Sam Smith look over data from the Global Positioning System, which West helped develop at the Naval Proving Ground in Dahlgren, Va., March 16, 1985.

Global positioning and Gladys West

In the annals of military and technological advancements, the contributions of certain individuals have paved the way for groundbreaking innovations that not only revolutionize defense strategies but also fundamentally transform our everyday lives.

One such unsung hero is Gladys West, whose mathematical genius and dedication were instrumental in developing the technology that underpins the Global Positioning System (GPS).

This blog post delves into West’s journey from a mathematician to a pivotal figure in modern navigation systems, shedding light on her remarkable contributions and the profound impact they’ve had on both military operations and civilian conveniences.

Why It Matters

Understanding the contributions of individuals like Gladys West matters profoundly, as it highlights the intersection of innovation, and perseverance. Recognizing West’s role not only honors her work but also serves as a beacon of inspiration for future generations, particularly women in STEM fields.

Her story is a testament to the idea that talent and determination know no bounds and that contributions to crucial technological advancements can come from the most unexpected places.

Breaking Barriers in the Navy

Gladys West’s story begins in Sutherland, Virginia, where she was born into a modest family. Despite the challenges of her early life on a family farm, West’s aspirations soared beyond the agricultural horizon. Her academic excellence earned her a scholarship to Virginia State College, where she graduated with a degree in mathematics. In 1956, the Navy recognized her talent and hired her as a mathematician at the Naval Proving Ground in Dahlgren, Virginia. There, her work would lay the groundwork for one of the most crucial technological tools of the modern era

Pioneering Work for GPS

During the 1970s and 1980s, West embarked on a project that would change the world. Using complex algorithms, she accounted for gravitational, tidal, and other forces affecting the Earth’s shape, programming the IBM 7030 computer to refine calculations for an accurate Earth model. This model became the foundation for the GPS orbit, a tool now integral to navigation, whether at sea, in the air, or on the ground.

Personal Insights and Legacy

Despite her monumental contributions to digital navigation, West maintains a fondness for traditional paper maps, a charming reminder of her roots in a pre-digital world. Retiring in 1998 after a distinguished 42-year career, West continued to break barriers, completing a doctorate in public administration. Her legacy is adorned with numerous accolades, including induction into the Air Force Space and Missile Pioneers Hall of Fame and the Prince Philip Medal by the Royal Academy of Engineering, underscoring her indelible impact on science and technology.

Implications For the Navy

West’s contributions have had a lasting impact on naval operations. The precision and reliability of GPS technology have revolutionized navigation, missile guidance, and strategic planning, enhancing the Navy’s capability to execute missions with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency.

For the Public

The ripple effects of West’s work extend far beyond military applications. Today, GPS technology underpins various aspects of civilian life, from navigation apps on smartphones to global logistics, emergency response systems, and even financial transactions, showcasing the pervasive influence of her work.

Conclusion

Gladys West’s journey from a mathematician to a linchpin in the development of GPS technology is a powerful narrative of innovation, perseverance, and the breaking of societal barriers. Her story serves as a crucial reminder of the hidden figures in our history whose contributions have shaped the modern world.

As we navigate our daily lives, often with the help of the technology West helped create, it’s essential to remember and celebrate the diverse minds and hands that have built the foundations of our contemporary conveniences. In doing so, we not only honor their legacy but also inspire future generations to dream big and break barriers, just as Gladys West did.

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The sinking of the first ‘Tin Can’ and the recent finding of its 80lb Bell – How a World War I American Destroyer Became a Symbol of Courage and Sacrifice

Dear Members, Friends and Tin Can Fans,

USS Jacob Jones Ships Bell
Bill Cullifer, Founder

Here is an amazing story that you won’t read about everyday. It is a story of US Naval history and heritage, and to honor the legacy of some of the bravest and most heroic sailors who ever served in the U.S. Navy.

The Story of on USS Jacob Jones

The USS Jacob Jones was a World War I American destroyer that rescued hundreds of survivors from torpedoed ships. In 1917, it was sunk by a German submarine in the English Channel, killing 64 sailors. The ship’s bell, a symbol of the crew’s bravery and sacrifice, was recently recovered from the wreck by British divers. It will be displayed at the National Museum of the U.S. Navy in Washington, D.C.

This is the story of the USS Jacob Jones, the first U.S. Navy destroyer ever sunk by enemy fire, and the recent recovery of its bell from the wreck site.

The USS Jacob Jones and Its History

The USS Jacob Jones was a Tucker-class destroyer commissioned in 1916. It was named after Commodore Jacob Jones, a naval hero of the War of 1812. The ship was designed for high speed and maneuverability, and armed with four 4-inch guns, eight 21-inch torpedo tubes, and two depth charge racks. The ship was assigned to the Atlantic Fleet, and patrolled the U.S. coast and the Caribbean Sea.

After the U.S. entered World War I in April 1917, the USS Jacob Jones was deployed to the U.K. to join the anti-submarine warfare campaign. The ship escorted supply convoys across the Atlantic Ocean, and rescued hundreds of survivors from damaged British ships that had been hit by enemy torpedoes. The ship earned a reputation for its courage and compassion, and was praised by both the U.S. and the British naval authorities.

On December 6, 1917, the USS Jacob Jones was returning from escorting a convoy to France, when it was attacked by a German U-boat, U-53, in the English Channel. The U-boat fired a single torpedo that struck the ship’s stern, causing a massive explosion and a fire.

The ship’s commander, David W. Bagley, ⁹ordered the ship to be abandoned and the life rafts to be launched, as the stern began to sink. The ship went down in eight minutes, with two officers and 62 crew members on board. The U-boat commander, Hans Rose, radioed the coordinates of the survivors to the U.S. base at Queenstown, Ireland, and offered to take some of the wounded on board.

However, the survivors refused his offer, and waited for rescue. The U.S. Navy later awarded Rose a letter of commendation for his humanitarian gesture.

The Discovery and Recovery of the Bell

The wreck of the USS Jacob Jones remained undiscovered for over a century, until August 2022, when a group of expert divers found it about 400 feet below the surface of the English Channel, some 60 miles south of Cornwall. The divers were amazed by the condition of the wreck, which was largely intact and well-preserved. They also noticed the ship’s bell, which was still attached to the ship’s mast. The bell was made of brass and weighed 80 pounds. It had the ship’s name and the year of commissioning engraved on it. The bell was a historical and symbolic artifact, as it was used to signal the ship’s movements, to mark the time, and to call the crew to action.

The discovery of the wreck attracted the attention of the Naval History and Heritage Command (NHHC), the U.S. Navy’s official organization responsible for preserving and protecting the Navy’s historical and archaeological resources. The NHHC partnered with the U.K. Ministry of Defense to study the wreck site, and to recover the bell. The NHHC’s policy is to leave the shipwrecks undisturbed, as they are considered war graves and sacred sites. However, in this case, the NHHC was concerned about the unauthorized and illegal salvaging of the bell, which could damage the wreck and disrespect the sailors. The NHHC decided to retrieve the bell, and to use it as a memorial to the sailors who made the ultimate sacrifice in the defense of both the U.S. and the U.K.

In January 2024, a specialized salvage unit from the U.K. Ministry of Defense’s Salvage and Marine Operations (SALMO) conducted a survey of the wreck site, and successfully recovered the bell. The operation was challenging and risky, as the wreck site was deep, dark, and cold, and the bell was heavy and fragile. The salvage team used a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to cut the bell from the mast, and to lift it to the surface. The salvage team also placed a wreath and an American flag on the wreck, to honor the lost sailors. The operation was a remarkable example of the cooperation and friendship between the U.S. and the U.K. in the naval domain.

The Bell as a Memorial

After the recovery, the bell was given temporarily to Wessex Archaeology, a private U.K. firm under contract with the NHHC, for documentation and conservation. The bell will be turned over to the U.S. during a ceremonial transfer later this year, and will be sent to the NHHC’s Underwater Archaeology Branch for further conservation treatment. The bell will eventually be displayed at the National Museum of the U.S. Navy in Washington, D.C., where it will serve as a memorial to the sailors who served and died on the USS Jacob Jones, and as a reminder of the history and heritage of the U.S. Navy.

We, the members and friends of the Americans for a Stronger Navy, are grateful and proud of the USS Jacob Jones and its sailors, who exemplified the values and ideals of the U.S. Navy, and who contributed to the security and freedom of both the U.S. and the U.K. We are committed to honoring their legacy and supporting the U.S. Navy and its sailors in their efforts to maintain and enhance their naval power, deterrence, and readiness in the 21st century. We invite you to learn more about the USS Jacob Jones and its history, and to visit the National Museum of the U.S. Navy when the bell is displayed. We also encourage you to continue your advocacy and support for a stronger U.S. Navy, and to join us in our efforts to promote naval power, deterrence, and readiness in the 21st century. Thank you for your attention and interest, and may God bless the U.S. Navy and the U.S.A.

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How an Advisory Group of Volunteers Aims to Boost Navy Recruitment: A Report by Americans for a Stronger Navy

US Navy recruitment is facing a serious problem. According to the latest data from the Department of Defense, the Navy is falling short of its annual goal of enlisting 40,000 new sailors by more than 10%. This shortfall could have negative impacts on the Navy’s readiness, capability, and morale.

To address this challenge, a group of volunteers from Americans for a Stronger Navy, a non-profit organization that advocates for a robust and modern naval force, has formed an advisory group to study the current issues and make recommendations for improving Navy recruitment. The advisory group consists of former Navy personnel, employers experts, and stakeholders who have a keen interest and knowledge of the Navy and its mission.

“As the founder of Americans for a Stronger Navy, I believe that the best way to improve Navy recruitment is to listen to the voices of those who have served. They have the experience, the knowledge, and the passion to help us find and inspire the next generation of sailors. We cannot afford to be passive or complacent in this matter. We need to act now and act decisively to ensure the Navy’s future.” Bill Cullifer 

The advisory group will conduct a analysis of the factors that affect Navy recruitment, such as public perception, incentives, eligibility, retention, and benefits. Based on their findings, the group will propose a set of actionable and realistic recommendations that could possibly help the Navy attract, recruit, and retain the best and brightest talent for its ranks.

The advisory group will present its report to the Navy leadership and the public by the end of the year. The report will also be available on the StrongerNavy.org website and social media platforms. The advisory group hopes that its report will contribute to the ongoing efforts to strengthen the Navy and ensure its readiness and relevance for the future.

In light of the challenges facing Navy recruitment, we at Americans for a Stronger Navy are extending a call to action. We invite individuals passionate about naval strength and security to join our cause. Whether you are a former service member with invaluable insights, a professional with skills that can aid our mission, or a citizen eager to support a stronger Navy, your contribution is crucial. By volunteering for our advisory group or participating in our initiatives, you can help shape the strategies that will ensure the Navy remains a formidable, well-staffed force for the future. Let’s unite to inspire a new wave of sailors ready to serve with honor, courage, and commitment. For more information on how you can get involved, visit our website at StrongerNavy.org or reach out to us through our social media channels. Together, we can make a significant impact.

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Chester Alan Arthur: A Forgotten Architect of America’s Naval Strength

Chester Alan Arthur: A Forgotten Architect of America’s Naval Strength

Introduction:

In the annals of American history, some presidents shine brightly, while others, like Chester Alan Arthur, the 21st President of the United States, are less remembered. Yet, Arthur’s contributions, particularly in strengthening the U.S. Navy, were pivotal in shaping the country’s future.

This blog post, inspired by PBS’s extensive collection on American Presidents, delves into Arthur’s presidency and his unheralded role in fortifying America’s naval power.

Early Presidency: Chester Alan Arthur, a product of the New York political machine, ascended to the presidency in 1881 following the assassination of President James Garfield. Known for his integrity and honesty, Arthur’s administration was characterized by surprising reformative actions, especially considering his roots in political patronage.

Civil Service and Domestic Policy: Arthur’s commitment to reform was evident in his domestic policies. He signed the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, revolutionizing federal employment by prioritizing merit over political allegiance. His veto of pork barrel expenditures reflected a fiscally responsible approach, even as he indulged in refurbishing the White House with the creative touch of Louis Comfort Tiffany.

Foreign Affairs and Naval Expansion: Arthur’s presidency is notable for its impact on foreign relations and naval development. His efforts to lower tariffs and negotiate trade agreements demonstrated a progressive approach to international economics. However, his most enduring legacy lies in his vision for a modern U.S. Navy. Recognizing the strategic importance of naval power, Arthur championed the development of a fleet with steam-powered engines and steel cladding, a significant advancement from the wooden ships of prior eras.

Presidential Politics and Legacy: Arthur’s rise to the presidency, initially seen with skepticism, turned into a narrative of surprising integrity and dedication to public service. His battle against his political patron, Senator Roscoe Conkling, and his governance despite a fatal kidney disease diagnosis, showcased his resilience and commitment to the nation’s welfare.

Conclusion: Chester Alan Arthur’s presidency, often overlooked in the broader tapestry of American history, was a period of significant transition and modernization, especially for the U.S. Navy. His contributions laid the groundwork for America’s emergence as a major naval power in the 20th century. As Americans, we owe a part of our naval strength and international standing to this often-forgotten president, a testament to the lasting impact of Arthur’s administration.

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Honoring Navy Heroes: The Inspiring Story of Charles Jackson French

Charles Jackson French,

Welcome to the Members and Friends of Americans for a Stronger Navy!

As we continue to advocate for a robust and formidable naval force, it’s essential to remember and honor the heroes who have exemplified the very essence of bravery and dedication in the history of the United States Navy.

Today, we turn the spotlight on an extraordinary figure: Charles Jackson French, a Navy hero whose story of valor during World War II continues to inspire.

The Night of Valor: USS Gregory and the Battle of Guadalcanal

On the night of September 4, 1942, the crew of the high-speed transport USS Gregory (APD 3) found themselves in a perilous situation. Patrolling between Savo Island and Guadalcanal, they encountered Japanese destroyers.

The USS Gregory, caught in a fierce battle and outgunned, began to sink, setting the stage for an incredible act of heroism.

Charles Jackson French: Early Life and Navy Career

Charles Jackson French, born on September 25, 1919, in Foreman, Arkansas, joined the Navy as a Mess Attendant—a position then largely designated for black men. His journey in the Navy brought him to the decks of USS Houston (CA-30) and, eventually, the USS Gregory.

A Hero Emerges Amidst Tragedy

As the USS Gregory sank, Mess Attendant 1st Class French took action that would etch his name in history. In a remarkable feat of endurance and courage, he swam through shark-infested waters for hours, towing a raft filled with injured shipmates. His bravery and strength saved the lives of more than a dozen sailors.

Legacy and Recognition.

The heroic actions of Charles Jackson French were not only a testament to his character but also a symbol of hope and resilience for the Navy community. In recognition, a rescue swimming training pool at Naval Base San Diego was dedicated in his honor in May 2022, immortalizing his legacy.

Conclusion

Charles Jackson French’s story is a powerful reminder of the courage and determination that run deep in the veins of our naval heroes. It is these qualities that Americans for a Stronger Navy continues to champion and uphold. We encourage our members and friends to carry on the legacy of heroes like French, ensuring our Navy remains strong, resilient, and ever-vigilant.

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“Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power – ‘The Ocean’s Edge: Maritime Trade and Security Shaping World Order”

Welcome to ‘Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power’.

In this insightful episode, we have the honor of featuring Dr. Bruce Jones, a distinguished expert from the Talbot Center on Security, Strategy, and Technology, and the Center on East Asia Policy. Dr. Jones, known for his acclaimed work ‘To Rule the Waves’, brings a wealth of knowledge to our discussion on the critical issues shaping maritime power in our rapidly evolving global landscape.

My co-host Dale and I have previously laid the groundwork by introducing key themes and objectives of our series, including an in-depth conversation with Dr. Steven Wills, a respected naval historian and former U.S. Naval officer, in our episode ‘Developing and Implementing Effective U.S. Navy Strategies’.

Join us as we continue ‘Charting the Course’ for American Naval Power, exploring how maritime trade and security are pivotal in shaping the world order.”

In our dynamic global environment, we explore pressing questions:

    • Are we entering a new era of maritime power struggles due to climate change and intensified sea-based globalization?

    • What constitutes ‘ruling the waves’ in terms of maritime shipping dominance? How are factors like ship ownership, port control, and trade flow interconnected?

    • Dr. Jones discusses the vulnerability of container-based supply chains. Can he provide a specific incident of piracy or disruption that caused substantial economic impact?

    • What emerging threats, such as cyberattacks, climate disruptions, and political instability, are facing container shipping, and how can the US Navy and other stakeholders respond?

    • How will technological advancements like automation and AI reshape the future of container shipping, and what are the implications for efficiency, security, and workforce dynamics?

    • What is the current state of global trade, naval power, and the impact of climate change on oceans? What challenges and implications do these trends pose for the future world order?

    • Finally, how does the history of maritime trade and power mirror the patterns of post–Cold War globalization, with historical examples to support this relation?

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Honoring Pearl Harbor Day: A Reflection on Our Past to Chart Our Future

Recognizing the Past and Looking to the Future

Today, on Pearl Harbor Day, we at Americans for a Stronger Navy pause to remember and honor the sacrifices made on December 7, 1941. This day, a pivotal moment in our nation’s history, reminds us of the bravery and resilience of those who faced unimaginable adversity. As we reflect on the events of that day, we reaffirm our commitment to remembering our past and learning from it.

The attack on Pearl Harbor shaped the course of World War II and transformed the future of naval power. It’s a stark reminder of the need for vigilance, preparedness, and the continuous evolution of naval strategy. As we pay tribute to the heroes of that day, their legacy inspires us to ensure such history does not repeat itself.

In this spirit, we are proud to introduce our educational series, ‘Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power.’ Hosted by me, Bill Cullifer, this series connects the enduring lessons of World War II to today’s naval challenges. Starting today, we embark on an eight-week journey exploring how the echoes of history inform our present and future naval strategies.

Through ‘Charting the Course,’ we aim to deepen our understanding of naval history and its impact on contemporary naval power. Join us as we discuss various topics from the evolution of shipbuilding to the role of AI in naval operations, all while keeping the lessons of Pearl Harbor and WWII at the forefront.

For more details on the series and to access our featured resource ‘Echoes of History: Steering the Future,’ visit StrongerNavy.org. Follow us on social media for updates and insights.

Let’s honor the past and responsibly steer our future. Together, we remember, we learn, and we grow stronger.

#PearlHarborDay #NeverForget #StrongerNavy #ChartingTheCourse

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Medal of Honor Monday: Navy Rear Adm. Daniel J. Callaghan

Rear Adm. Daniel J. Callaghan

“Any man who may be asked in this century what he did to make his life worthwhile, I think can respond with a good deal of pride and satisfaction: ‘I served in the United States Navy.'” JFK

Hello, members and friends of the Americans For a Stronger Navy. Today, we take a break from our podcast series to honor those who have served our nation with extraordinary bravery and sacrifice.

As part of our Medal of Honor Monday series, we will feature a different Navy hero every week, and share their stories of valor and service with you. We hope that by doing so, we can inspire you to appreciate and support the Navy and its mission, and to learn from the examples of courage and patriotism that these heroes have set in times of war and peace.

This week, we are proud to present Navy Rear Adm. Daniel Judson Callaghan, who commanded ships fighting against a massive enemy force during one of the deadliest battles of World War II. Callaghan did not survive the ordeal, but his leadership, foresight and courage helped lead his sailors to victory. That earned him a posthumous Medal of Honor.

Callaghan was born on 26 July 1890 in Oakland, California. He graduated from the Naval Academy in 1911, and served as an engineering officer, an executive officer, and a naval aid to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. By April 1942, he was promoted to rear admiral while commanding the cruiser USS San Francisco.

By November, he was in the middle of the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, where the Allies had retaken the island from the Japanese, who were desperately trying to take it back. On the night of 12 November, Callaghan learned that a large Japanese naval force was heading toward his position, which was in Iron Bottom Sound between Guadalcanal and Savo Island.

The Japanese ships were superior in numbers and in power, but Callaghan decided to engage them with his task force, which consisted of three light cruisers, eight destroyers and two heavy cruisers, including the San Francisco, the task force’s flagship. Hedevised a plan of attack, and led his forces into battle against tremendous odds.

The battle was chaotic and fierce, and the San Francisco was the first to face enemy ships by taking on the Hiei, a Japanese battleship, in a head-on duel. Callaghan and the San Francisco’s commanding officer, Capt. Cassin Young, were both on the ship’s bridge wing directing close-range operations. They were both killed by a shell from the Hiei, but not before they inflicted heavy damage on the enemy ship.

The blast also knocked the ship’s communications officer, Lt. Cmdr. Bruce McCandless, unconscious. When he woke up, he realized Callaghan and Young were gone, so he took command of the ship and the task force, and ordered them to continue their bombardment. He also managed to sink a destroyer and damage two other Japanese vessels.

Eventually, the Japanese admiral, who was commanding the enemy ships, lost his nerve and ordered his crews to withdraw and regroup. The battle was over, and the Allies had won a decisive victory. They had prevented the Japanese from bombarding Henderson Field, the airfield on Guadalcanal, and from delivering troops to the island’s shores. The battle was the last in a series that forced the Japanese to surrender Guadalcanal for good, handing the Allies a strategic victory.

The win came at a heavy price for the Allies, too. Nine U.S. ships were sunk while about a dozen more were damaged. More than 1,700 Americans lost their lives, including Callaghan. He was buried at sea, and his name is listed on the Wall of the Missing at the Manila Cemetery in the Philippines.

On 9 December 1942, his son, Navy Lt. j.g. Daniel J. Callaghan Jr., received the Medal of Honor on his father’s behalf from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. His citation read:

“For extraordinary heroism and conspicuous intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty during action against enemy Japanese forces off Savo Island on the night of 12-13 November 1942. Although out-balanced in strength and numbers by a desperate and determined enemy, Rear Adm. Callaghan, with ingenious tactical skill and superb coordination of the units under his command, led his forces into battle against tremendous odds, thereby contributing decisively to the rout of a powerful invasion fleet, and to the consequent frustration of a formidable Japanese offensive. While faithfully directing close-range operations in the face of furious bombardment by superior enemy fire power, he was killed on the bridge of his flagship.”

Callaghan is a true Navy hero, who exemplified the values of courage, honor, and commitment. He showed us what it means to defend our country and our freedom, even in the face of overwhelming odds and danger. He also showed us what it means to lead and inspire our fellow sailors and our Navy family, even in the midst of chaos and pain. He is a role model and an inspiration for all of us, and we are grateful for his service and his legacy.

We hope that you enjoyed this week’s Medal of Honor Monday, and that you learned something new and valuable from Callaghan’s story. Please join us next week, as we feature another Navy hero who earned the Medal of Honor. Thank you for your attention and your support. Stay safe and stay strong. This is Bill, signing off.