. The Virginia and the rest of the ships of its class are designed specifically to incorporate emergent technologies that will provide new capabilities to meet new threats.î Virginia will be delivered to the U.S. Navy this fall. Electric Boat is a wholly owned subsidiary of General Dynamics.
Bill Cullifer, Founder
Dear Friends and Supporters of Americans for a Stronger Navy,
We are witnessing a significant moment in naval history with the delivery of the USS New Jersey, the first Virginia-class attack submarine built to include women among its crew members. This milestone, achieved by Newport News Shipbuilding in collaboration with General Dynamics Electric Boat, marks a new chapter in the evolution of naval operations and inclusivity.
Breaking New Ground
The USS New Jersey represents not just technological advancement but also a progressive approach to crew composition. Initiated in March 2016, its construction has culminated in a submarine that not only meets today’s rigorous defense needs but also embraces the future with its inclusive design. This approach aligns with the Navy’s 2011 decision to integrate women into the submarine community, enhancing diversity and operational effectiveness aboard one of the most advanced platforms in the naval arsenal.
Navigating Challenges
The journey to this point was not without its challenges. The USS New Jersey was delivered approximately two years behind schedule, a testament to the complexities inherent in cutting-edge shipbuilding and the high standards maintained throughout its construction. The delays in blocks four and five of the Virginia-class submarines highlight the intricate dance between innovation and the practical realities of engineering and logistics.
Operational Excellence and Future Commitments
The upcoming commissioning of the USS New Jersey in September is eagerly anticipated. It will serve as a powerful symbol of our commitment to evolving and improving our naval capabilities. Jason Ward, Vice President of Virginia-class submarine construction at Newport News Shipbuilding, emphasized the dual focus on delivering critical capabilities to the fleet while upholding the highest standards of safety and quality.
Why This Matters
This development is pivotal for several reasons. It not only showcases the technological prowess and innovative spirit of our naval shipbuilding industry but also reflects a broader commitment to equality and inclusion within the military. The integration of women into the submarine force is a step forward in leveraging the full potential of our talented service members, irrespective of gender.
Key Takeaways
The USS New Jersey is the 11th Virginia-class submarine delivered by Newport News Shipbuilding, highlighting ongoing excellence in naval engineering.
Its design to accommodate coed crews is a response to changing policies and an evolving understanding of diversity’s role in operational success.
The challenges and delays experienced underscore the complex nature of modern submarine construction and the importance of continuous improvement in our industrial processes.
Let’s celebrate this achievement as a testament to the hard work, dedication, and vision that continue to drive our naval forces forward. Your support fuels our commitment to ensuring that the Navy remains a powerful, inclusive, and innovative force.
Thank you for standing with us as we support and advocate for a stronger and more capable Navy.
The Virginia-class submarine program is one of the most successful and vital naval programs in the history of the United States. Since 2004, the Navy has commissioned 24 Virginia-class submarines, each one providing unparalleled stealth, speed, and firepower to the fleet.
These submarines are designed to operate in both open-ocean and littoral environments, and can perform a variety of missions, including anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, special operations, and strike warfare.
On February 23, 2024, the Navy and HII (Huntington Ingalls Industries) celebrated another milestone for the Virginia-class program: the launch of the 25th submarine, Massachusetts (SSN 798), at the Newport News Shipbuilding division. Massachusetts is the 12th submarine delivered by Newport News, which is one of only two shipyards in the country capable of designing and building nuclear-powered submarines. The launch of Massachusetts marks the completion of the major construction phase of the submarine, and the beginning of the final outfitting, testing, and crew certification process.
Why This Matters
Bill Cullifer, founder
The launch of Massachusetts is not only a remarkable achievement for the Navy and HII, but also a testament to the importance of the Virginia-class program for the national security and economic prosperity of the United States. As the Navy faces increasing challenges and threats from near-peer competitors and rogue actors around the world, the Virginia-class submarines provide a critical edge and deterrent for the U.S. and its allies. These submarines are equipped with the latest technologies and innovations, such as the Virginia Payload Module, which increases the missile capacity of the submarines by 75 percent, and the acoustic superiority program, which enhances the stealth and survivability of the submarines. The Virginia-class program also supports the industrial base and the workforce of the United States, creating thousands of jobs and generating billions of dollars in economic activity. According to a 2019 study by the University of Virginia, the Virginia-class program supports more than 23,000 direct and indirect jobs across 46 states, and contributes more than $4 billion to the U.S. gross domestic product annually. The program also fosters innovation and collaboration among the Navy, HII, General Dynamics Electric Boat, and hundreds of suppliers and subcontractors across the country.
Why Americans Should Care
The launch of Massachusetts is an occasion for all Americans to celebrate and appreciate the Virginia-class program and the men and women who make it possible. The Virginia-class submarines are not only the most advanced and versatile submarines in the world, but also the most cost-effective and efficient. The program has consistently delivered submarines ahead of schedule and under budget, thanks to the teamwork and dedication of the Navy and industry partners. The program has also achieved remarkable improvements in quality and performance, reducing the construction time and the number of issues per submarine by more than 50 percent since the first submarine was delivered.
The Virginia-class submarines are also a source of pride and inspiration for the American people, as they embody the values and ideals of the nation. The submarines are named after states, cities, and historical figures that represent the diversity and heritage of the United States. The submarines are crewed by some of the most talented and courageous sailors in the Navy, who volunteer to serve their country and protect its interests. The submarines are also a symbol of the strength and resolve of the United States, as they demonstrate the nation’s commitment to maintaining peace and freedom around the world.
About the History of the Virginia Class
The Virginia-class program was initiated in the late 1980s, as a response to the changing strategic environment and the need for a more flexible and adaptable submarine force. The program was designed to replace the aging Los Angeles-class submarines, which were optimized for open-ocean operations during the Cold War. The Virginia-class submarines were conceived to operate in both blue water and shallow water, and to perform a wider range of missions, such as land attack, special operations, and covert insertion and extraction of forces. The first Virginia-class submarine, Virginia (SSN 774), was authorized by Congress in 1998, and delivered to the Navy in 2004. Since then, the Navy has commissioned 24 Virginia-class submarines, with 10 more under construction and 11 more on contract. The current plan is to build a total of 66 Virginia-class submarines, which will constitute the backbone of the submarine force for decades to come.
The Virginia-class program is a joint effort between the Navy and two shipbuilders: HII’s Newport News Shipbuilding division and General Dynamics Electric Boat. The two shipyards share the construction workload, with each one building certain modules and sections of the submarines, and alternating the delivery of the final products. The two shipyards also collaborate on the design and engineering of the submarines, and implement continuous improvement initiatives to enhance the quality and efficiency of the program.
How Submarines Have Helped the US Navy
Submarines have been an integral part of the US Navy since the Revolutionary War, when the first American submarine, Turtle, attempted to attach a mine to a British warship in New York Harbor. Since then, submarines have played a vital role in every major conflict and operation involving the US Navy, from the Civil War to the War on Terror.
Submarines have helped the US Navy achieve several strategic objectives, such as: • Denying the enemy access to the seas and vital resources, such as during the World War II submarine campaign against Japan, which crippled its economy and military. • Providing intelligence and surveillance on the enemy’s activities and capabilities, such as during the Cold War submarine missions that collected valuable information on the Soviet Navy and its nuclear weapons. • Delivering precision strikes on high-value targets, such as during the Gulf War and the War in Afghanistan, when submarines launched Tomahawk cruise missiles against enemy installations and leadership. • Supporting special operations and covert actions, such as during the Vietnam War and the War in Iraq, when submarines inserted and extracted Navy SEALs and other special forces behind enemy lines. • Deterring aggression and maintaining stability, such as during the Cuban Missile Crisis and the current Indo-Pacific region, when submarines provide a credible and survivable nuclear deterrent and a conventional response option.
Submarines have also contributed to the scientific and technological advancement of the US Navy and the nation, such as: • Exploring the depths and mysteries of the oceans, such as when the submarine Trieste reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest point on Earth, in 1960. • Developing and testing new technologies and systems, such as nuclear propulsion, sonar, navigation, communication, and weapons, that have enhanced the performance and capabilities of the submarine force and the entire Navy. • Promoting innovation and excellence, such as by fostering a culture of learning, experimentation, and adaptation among the submarine community, and by attracting and retaining some of the best and brightest minds in the Navy and the nation.
Conclusion
The launch of Massachusetts is a remarkable achievement for the Navy and HII, and a significant milestone for the Virginia-class program. The Virginia-class submarines are the most advanced and versatile submarines in the world, and provide a critical edge and deterrent for the US and its allies. The Virginia-class program also supports the industrial base and the workforce of the US, creating thousands of jobs and generating billions of dollars in economic activity. The Virginia-class program is a source of pride and inspiration for the American people, as it embodies the values and ideals of the nation, and demonstrates the nation’s commitment to maintaining peace and freedom around the world.
The Americans for a Stronger Navy is a non-profit organization that advocates for a robust and modern naval force that can protect and advance the interests of the US and its allies. We believe that the Virginia-class program is essential for the national security and economic prosperity of the US, and we support the Navy and HII in their efforts to deliver these submarines to the fleet. We urge Congress and the administration to fully fund and sustain the Virginia-class program, and to ensure that the Navy has the resources and the authority to maintain and expand its submarine force.
We also encourage the American people to learn more about the Virginia-class program and the submarine force, and to support and appreciate the men and women who serve on these submarines. Together, we can make the US Navy stronger and the nation safer.
Hello, members and friends of Americans for a Stronger Navy. We have some exciting news to share with you today. The Navy has received its first Orca Extra Large Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (XLUUV) from Boeing, following a series of tests at sea. This is a major milestone for the Navy’s unmanned undersea capabilities, and we are proud to support this innovative and game-changing program.
What is Orca and why is it important?
Orca is a new class of autonomous submarine that can perform long duration critical missions to achieve undersea maritime dominance in changing environments and contested waters. Orca is based on Boeing’s Echo Voyager, a prototype XLUUV that began at-sea testing in 2017 and was a precursor to the Navy’s Orca XLUUV competition. Echo Voyager has spent over 10,000 hours operating at sea and transited hundreds of nautical miles autonomously.
Orca is important because it provides the Navy with a new and versatile tool to enhance its undersea warfare capabilities and to deter and defeat potential adversaries. Orca can operate in areas that are too dangerous, too distant, or too denied for manned submarines, and can extend the Navy’s reach and persistence in the maritime domain. Orca can also complement and augment the Navy’s existing and future manned and unmanned undersea assets, and provide a cost-effective and scalable solution for the Navy’s undersea needs.
What are the implications for the Navy?
The delivery of the first Orca XLUUV is a significant achievement for the Navy and Boeing, and a testament to their innovation, perseverance, and unwavering commitment. The Navy plans to acquire five more Orca XLUUVs in the future, and to gradually ramp up the quantities and capabilities of these vehicles. The Navy will also conduct further testing and evaluation of Orca, and apply the lessons learned to improve the reliability and performance of the system.
The Navy’s acquisition of Orca XLUUVs is part of a broader effort to develop and deploy a variety of unmanned systems for the fleet, including unmanned surface vessels and unmanned aerial systems. The Navy’s vision is to integrate these systems into a networked and distributed force that can operate across all domains and domains, and to leverage the advantages of autonomy, artificial intelligence, and machine learning to enhance the Navy’s decision-making and effectiveness.
The Navy’s investment in Orca XLUUVs and other unmanned systems reflects the Navy’s recognition of the changing security environment and the technological developments that are eroding the U.S. military advantages. The Navy faces growing challenges and threats from China and Russia, who are developing and deploying advanced anti-access/area denial capabilities, such as submarines, missiles, and cyber weapons, to challenge the U.S. presence and influence in the Indo-Pacific and Europe. The Navy also faces emerging and evolving challenges from rogue regimes, such as Iran and North Korea, and violent non-state actors, such as terrorists and pirates, who pose threats to the U.S. interests and allies in the Middle East and Africa.
The Navy’s adoption of Orca XLUUVs and other unmanned systems demonstrates the Navy’s commitment and ability to adapt and innovate to meet these challenges and to maintain its maritime superiority. The Navy’s use of Orca XLUUVs and other unmanned systems also reaffirms the Navy’s role and responsibility as the “keepers of the peace” in a turbulent and uncertain world, and as a vital partner and leader in the international community, working with allies and partners to uphold the rules-based order and to promote peace and security.
What others are saying
“This has been a very busy year for the XLUUV team and their hard work is culminating in delivery of the Navy’s first-ever unmanned diesel-electric submarine. We look forward to continued success with our Boeing teammates in fielding this important capability for the warfighter.” – Capt. Scot Searles, US Navy Unmanned Maritime Systems Program Manager
“The Orca XLUUV is a multi-phased accelerated acquisition featuring a full and open competition to industry to design, fabricate, test and deliver systems to the US Navy. The navy selected the best value of price and technical capabilities.” – Alan Baribeau, US Naval Sea Systems Command spokesperson
“Orca XLUUV is a game-changing capability that will provide the Navy with a long-range, long-endurance, multi-mission undersea vehicle that will complement and augment the Navy’s undersea force structure.” – Rear Adm. Casey Moton, US Navy Program Executive Officer for Unmanned and Small Combatants
Conclusion
We at Americans for a Stronger Navy congratulate the Navy and Boeing on the delivery of the first Orca XLUUV, and we look forward to seeing more of these vehicles in the fleet. We believe that Orca XLUUV is a critical and revolutionary capability that will enhance the Navy’s undersea warfare and deterrence posture, and that will support the Navy’s strategic plan and its 30-year shipbuilding plan.
We urge Congress and the public to support the Navy’s acquisition and development of Orca XLUUV and other unmanned systems, and to provide the necessary funding and oversight for their implementation. We also encourage the Navy to continue to improve its performance and accountability, and to foster a culture of innovation and excellence.
We also commend the Navy for its continued engagement and cooperation with its allies and partners, and for its dedication and service to the nation and the world. We stand with the Navy, and we thank them for their service and sacrifice.
A picture shared by US Central Command appears to show a guided missile submarine in the Suez Canal passing under the Al Salam Bridge northeast of Cairo.
Introduction
As Americans for a Stronger Navy, we stand with our brave sailors and Marines who are serving in the Middle East amid the ongoing turmoil and violence. We salute their courage and dedication to protect our nation and our allies from the threats posed by those that would harm us and we pray for their safety.
In a rare and bold move, the US military announced on Sunday that an Ohio-class guided missile submarine had arrived in the Middle East, a clear message of deterrence to our regional adversaries according to press reports.
The Ohio-class submarines are among the most formidable weapons in the US arsenal, capable of carrying up to 154 Tomahawk cruise missiles, each with a 1,000-pound high-explosive warhead. These submarines can deliver a lot of firepower very rapidly and accurately, and no opponent of the US can ignore their presence.
The announcement of the submarine’s arrival in the Middle East is unusual and significant, as the US military rarely discloses the movements or operations of its fleet of ballistic and guided missile subs. The deployment comes as the Biden administration is trying to avoid a broader conflict amid the Israel-Hamas war, and to prevent Iran and its allies from opening new fronts against Israel or attacking US bases and interests in the region.
The submarine’s location and range suggest that it is focused on the threats in and around the Mediterranean, where Hezbollah, the Lebanese militant group backed by Iran, has fired rockets and drones at northern Israel, and exchanged fire with Israeli forces on the border.
The submarine could also target the Houthi rebels in Yemen, another Iran-supported group that has launched missiles and drones at Israel from across the Red Sea.
Additionally, the submarine could deter or respond to any aggression from Iran itself, or from its proxies in Syria and Iraq, where they have been firing rockets and drones at US military bases.
The presence of the submarine in the Middle East has important implications for the regional security and stability, as it demonstrates the US commitment and resolve to defend its allies and interests, and to deter or retaliate against any attack.
The submarine also adds to the existing US naval assets in the area, including two carrier strike groups and an amphibious ready group, creating a formidable force that can project power and influence across the region. The submarine’s deployment could also affect the ongoing negotiations with Iran over its nuclear program, as it shows the US willingness and ability to use military force if diplomacy fails.
The submarine’s deployment demonstrates the US commitment and resolve to defend its allies and interests, and to deter or retaliate against any attack. The submarine also adds to the existing US naval assets in the area, creating a formidable force that can project power and influence across the region.
The Ohio-class submarines and the US Navy are vital for the national security and the global peace, as they protect our freedom, preserve our economic prosperity, and keep the seas open and free.
U.S. Has 4 Objectives in Middle Eastsays DOD
The Defense Department currently has four lines of effort in the Middle East, said Pentagon Press Secretary Air Force Brig. Gen. Pat Ryder, who briefed the media today.
Protection of U.S. forces and citizens in the region.
Flow of critical security assistance to Israel as it defends against further Hamas terrorist attacks. Coordination with the Israelis to help secure the release of hostages held by Hamas, to include American citizens.
Strengthening of force posture across the region to deter any state or nonstate actors from escalating the crisis beyond Gaza.
Strengthened force posture includes the deployment of the USS Gerald R. Ford and USS Dwight D. Eisenhower Carrier Strike Groups, which are currently in the U.S. Central Command area, along with an Ohio-class submarine.
Over the past few weeks there have been attacks by Iranian proxy groups at al-Asad air base, Iraq, and al-Tanf, Syria, on U.S. forces there, Ryder said.
The attacks, by drones and missiles, resulted in several dozen injuries, including a mix of minor injuries and traumatic brain injuries, he said.
Some of those injured didn’t immediately report their condition, he said.
“The reporting data is highly dependent on self-reporting when individual injuries are not visually evident to medical personnel providing care directly following an incident,” he said.
As Americans for a Stronger Navy, we support and advocate for a strong and modern naval force that can meet the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century.
We urge you to join us in our mission and to help us spread the word about the importance and value of the US Navy. Together, we can make a difference for our nation and our world through peace by strength.
Welcome to “Fleet Forward: Charting Tomorrow’s Navy,” a personal endeavor born from my commitment as your host Bill Cullifer, founder and former Destroyer Navy Sailor to ensure the enduring strength and capability of our Naval forces. With this series, inspired by our shared values and patriotic spirit, we aim to complement our upcoming December podcast series ‘Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power’. Here, we’ll not only delve into the Navy’s shipbuilding strategies but also the stories and people behind them, reflecting on our national security, economic vitality, and our role on the global stage.
The Importance of a Strong Navy
As we face evolving threats in an increasingly complex global landscape, a strong Navy is not just a matter of national pride—it is a crucial pillar of American security and global stability.
The Process of Naval Shipbuilding
Inspired by a blog post from Brent D. Sadler, former U.S. Naval Captain and author of U.S. Power in the 21st Century, Our journey will explore the labyrinthine process of designing, planning, and budgeting that goes into creating the Navy’s vessels, with a special emphasis on the cutting-edge DDG(X) program.
The Format of Our Series
This format ensures a cohesive presentation that begins with the “why” before diving into the “what” and “how” of the series content.
The Challenges and Opportunities of Naval Procurement
In the wake of the Congressional Budget Office’s (CBO) critical analysis and ensuing public debate sparked by commentary from experts like Brent Sadler, our series will untangle the complex web of factors influencing naval procurement decisions. We’ll dissect the multifaceted challenges of aligning strategic imperatives with fiscal responsibility, technological innovation with logistical practicality, and political ambition with operational necessity.
The Stakeholders and Perspectives of Naval Strategy
Each episode will feature voices from a spectrum of stakeholders—military officers, defense analysts, policymakers, industry experts, and academics—to illuminate the diverse perspectives that shape the Navy’s trajectory. From the drawing boards where the future of naval warfare begins to the congressional halls where budgets are debated and determined, we’ll provide you with a holistic view of what it takes to build a fleet capable of securing American interests on the global stage.
The DDG(X) Program
Our deep dive starts at the heart of controversy—the DDG(X) destroyer. As a linchpin of the Navy’s future force structure, this program epitomizes the technological ambition and the budgetary challenges inherent in modern naval shipbuilding. We’ll scrutinize its design process, how it fits into the broader naval architecture, and the strategic thinking that drives its development.
The Main Topics of Our Series
As we embark on this analytical voyage through the Navy’s shipbuilding endeavors, our series will navigate through eight key topics that capture the essence of the challenges and strategies underlying America’s naval future. We’ll be examining:
• The overarching goals of the Navy’s shipbuilding plans and their strategic significance.
• The fiscal landscape of naval procurement, including budgeting processes and cost control measures.
• The technological advancements and design considerations in modern shipbuilding, with a spotlight on the DDG(X) program.
• The industrial base and workforce development necessary for sustaining and advancing shipbuilding capabilities.
• The geopolitical implications of naval power, focusing on the dynamics with near-peer competitors such as China.
• Congressional oversight and legislative impact on Navy shipbuilding, including funding and authorization.
• The operational requirements driving the composition and capability needs of the future fleet.
• Alliances and partnerships, such as AUKUS, and their influence on U.S. shipbuilding plans and strategic positioning.
Conclusion
In our next episode, we will dissect the recent CBO report and expert critiques like those from Brent Sadler, setting the stage for a series that promises a thorough dissection of the Navy’s path forward. Each topic will build upon the last, creating a comprehensive narrative that brings clarity to the complex world of naval strategy and shipbuilding.
Join us as we steer through these topics with expert interviews, panel discussions, and in-depth analyses, providing a 360-degree view of what it takes to maintain a Navy capable of meeting tomorrow’s challenges.
Hello, everyone. Today, I have some exciting news to share with you: the U.S. Navy has named a captain for a new submarine named USS Arizona, the first ship to bear the name since the loss of the battleship at Pearl Harbor in 1941.
Why this matters
The USS Arizona battleship was one of the most iconic and tragic symbols of World War II. On December 7, 1941, it was attacked and sunk by Japanese aircraft, killing 1,177 sailors and Marines on board. The ship remains at the bottom of Pearl Harbor as a national memorial and a resting place for the fallen heroes.
The new USS Arizona is a Virginia-class nuclear submarine, which is the most advanced attack submarine in the world, with stealth, firepower, and maneuverability. The new USS Arizona is the first U.S. naval vessel to bear the name since the loss of the battleship at Pearl Harbor, and the second Block V boat, which will feature the Virginia Payload Module, enabling it to deliver a wider variety of capabilities.
The new USS Arizona was authorized for construction on December 2, 2019, and its keel was laid on December 7, 2022, at the Quonset Point Facility of General Dynamics Electric Boat in North Kingston, RI.
The sponsor for the new USS Arizona is Nikki Stratton, the granddaughter of Donald Stratton, a Seaman First Class aboard the battleship USS Arizona who survived the attack and reenlisted to serve in World War II. He died in February 2020 at the age of 97.
The first commanding officer of the new USS Arizona is Navy Cmdr. Tom Digan, who was named on October 30, 2023, marking the first time in over eight decades that the U.S. Navy has named a skipper for a ship of the same namesake.
What others are saying:
• Rear Adm. Jonathan Rucker, Program Executive Office, Attack Submarines: “The boats in this class are the most advanced attack submarines ever designed. Their stealth, firepower, and maneuverability are superior to every other attack submarine force in the world. Additionally, Arizona will be the first of the Virginia-class equipped with the Virginia Payload Module, enabling the submarine to deliver an even wider variety of capabilities.”
• Nikki Stratton, sponsor for the new USS Arizona: “The future is unknown. But one thing we do know is that the crew of SSN 803 will stand watch, patrolling the ocean’s depths … She will strike fear into the hearts of our enemies and become a beacon of hope.”
• Cmdr. Tom Digan, first commanding officer of the new USS Arizona: “It is an honor and privilege to be selected as commanding officer of Pre-Commissioning Unit Arizona. I am humbled by this opportunity to lead such an amazing crew as we bring this incredible warship to life.”
This news is a testament to the strength and resilience of our Navy and our nation. The new USS Arizona will carry on the legacy of its predecessor and honor its memory by defending our freedom and security.
I am proud and grateful for the new USS Arizona and its crew. I hope you are too.
Submarines are indeed an integral part of the U.S. Navy’s future. Many agree that the United States needs more submarines if it is to deter China in the Indo-Pacific and maintain its maritime superiority.
Submarines are stealthy, survivable, and lethal platforms that can operate in contested waters and deliver precision strikes, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and special operations.
However, the U.S. submarine industrial base is facing serious challenges that threaten its ability to deliver the submarines that the Navy needs on time and on budget.
The submarine industrial base consists of two main shipbuilders — General Dynamics Electric Boat and Huntington Ingalls Industries’ Newport News Shipbuilding — and hundreds of suppliers across the country that provide parts, materials, and services for submarine construction and maintenance.
The submarine industrial base is struggling to keep up with the growing demand for submarines, which has increased from one Virginia-class attack submarine per year in 2012 to two per year in 2021, plus the addition of the Columbia-class ballistic missile submarine program, which is the Navy’s top acquisition priority.
The Navy has recognized the importance of stabilizing and strengthening the submarine industrial base and has taken some actions to address its challenges. However, these actions are not enough.
The submarine industrial base needs more support and investment from Congress, the Department of Defense (DoD), and from our view, especially from the American public if we’re going to get anywhere. Decisions surrounding our national defense and industrial capabilities shouldn’t just be left to policymakers in isolation.
In our history, we’ve seen time and again the profound impact public opinion and support can have on shaping policy decisions. For our submarine industrial base and broader naval defense, public support isn’t just a nice-to-have; it’s the lynchpin.
While experts can identify problems and policymakers can draft solutions, it’s the collective will of the American people that determines our nation’s priorities.
By becoming informed, involved, and vocal about the importance of a strong and capable Navy, the American public can be the driving force that ensures our naval defense remains robust and prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.
We echo the sentiments of urging Congress and DoD, and we further advocate for the American public to support and invest in the submarine industrial base.
Specifically, we need to:
Raise awareness of the imminent risks facing our naval defense. The U.S. Navy’s capability to deter potential threats, maintain maritime superiority, and ensure national security is at stake. Delays and shortcomings in our submarine and surface fleet programs could leave us vulnerable in a rapidly evolving global security environment.
It’s essential to mobilize public support now for increased funding for both submarine and surface fleet programs alike, including infrastructure, support services, and the often overlooked but equally important logistics.
Invest in education and training in career techical education for shipyard building and management in areas such as welding pipefitting and for naval STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields. Beyond immediate funding and infrastructural upgrades, there’s an underlying need to address the skills gap.
If you are interested in learning more about the industrial base, the need for education and training, or supporting our cause, you can find more information at StrongerNavy.org.
Welcome back to our series: From Depths to Skies: Exploring the Future Landscape of U.S. Naval Power. In this series, we aim to inform and engage our members and friends on behalf of Americans for a Stronger Navy. We examine the current and future challenges and opportunities for the U.S. Navy in maintaining its global leadership and superiority in the maritime domain.
In the previous segment, we focused on the submarine fleet, one of the most important and complex elements of the U.S. naval power. We discussed its role, capabilities, and plans for modernization and acquisition. We also reviewed some of the reports and studies that have been published on this topic and provided our own analysis and recommendations.
In this segment, we will shift our attention to the submarine industrial base, which is the backbone of the submarine fleet. We will explore how the AUKUS defense technology partnership, which involves supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines, will affect the U.S. submarine industrial base and its ability to meet the demand for both domestic and foreign submarines. We will also look at how Congress and industry are responding to this challenge and what are some of the potential benefits and risks of this deal.
Proposed Funding for Submarine Industrial Base
On October 22, 2023, President Joe Biden submitted a supplemental budget request to Congress, which earmarks $3.4 billion for further investments in the U.S. submarine industrial base. This funding is intended to improve the build and sustainment rates for attack submarines in order to meet U.S. military requirements, and to support the commitments under AUKUS.
The supplemental budget request comes after 25 U.S. Republican lawmakers urged Biden in July to increase funding for the U.S. submarine fleet, saying that the plan under AUKUS to sell Australia Virginia-class nuclear-power submarines would “unacceptably weaken” the U.S. fleet without a clear plan to replace them.
The U.S. Navy also supports the supplemental budget request, saying that it is “critical” to ensure that the submarine industrial base can deliver both Virginia-class and Columbia-class submarines on time and on budget. The Navy also says that AUKUS will “strengthen our ability to deter aggression, defend our interests, and maintain our technological edge”.
Key Takeaways from Congressional Hearing
On October 25, 2023, a subcommittee of the House of Representatives Armed Services Committee held a hearing on AUKUS and its implications for the U.S. submarine industrial base. The hearing featured testimony from Mara Karlin, acting deputy under secretary of defense for policy; Vice Admiral William Houston, commander of the U.S. Navy’s Submarine Force; Rear Admiral Scott Pappano, program executive officer for Columbia-class submarines; and Rear Admiral David Goggins, program executive officer for submarines.
Some of the key takeaways from the hearing are:
• AUKUS contributes to building a more robust defense industrial base ecosystem that contributes to integrated deterrence; and … the submarine industrial base can and will support AUKUS.
• Congress is critical to the success of AUKUS, and needs to approve four legislative proposals this year: authorizing transfer of submarines to Australia; allowing maintenance of U.S. submarines in Australia and Britain; authorizing Australian funding for U.S. shipyards and training of Australian workers; and streamlining defense trade between AUKUS partners.
• The U.S. submarine industry is hoping to increase its production rate from 1.2 Virginia-class submarines per year to two – this on top of one Columbia-class submarine – but faces challenges such as supply chain fragility, labor shortages, and cost overruns.
• The AUKUS deal will require sharing sensitive U.S. technology with Australia and Britain, which poses risks such as leakage, espionage, or reverse engineering by adversaries or third parties.
• “AUKUS is an unprecedented opportunity to deepen our cooperation with two of our closest allies in developing cutting-edge capabilities that will ensure our collective security well into this century.” – Mara Karlin
• “This funding is critical to improve build and sustainment rates for attack submarines in order to meet U.S. military requirements, and will also support our commitments under AUKUS.” – Joint statement by Navy representatives
• “The fact is, the supply chain still remains very fragile. Any additional funding and support, whether it’s through the supplemental or other Navy support would be extremely helpful.” – Jason Aiken, General Dynamics’ chief financial officer
• “We are confident that we have the appropriate measures in place to protect our technology as we move forward with this initiative.” – Vice Admiral William Houston
• “The administration’s plan to sell Virginia-class submarines to Australia will unacceptably weaken our own submarine fleet without a clear plan to replace them. … The administration has not provided any evidence that our submarine industrial base can handle this additional workload without jeopardizing our own submarine programs.” – Representative Rob Wittman, ranking member of the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces.
Where We Stand
AUKUS deal is still being debated and negotiated by the governments and parliaments of the three countries involved: Australia, the UK, and the US. The deal also faces opposition and criticism from some other countries and groups, such as France, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, some Australian political parties and unions, some US lawmakers and analysts, and some environmental and anti-war activists.
The AUKUS deal has two main components: one is to help Australia acquire nuclear-powered submarines, and the other is to enhance joint capabilities and interoperability in areas such as cyber, artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, and undersea capabilities.
The first component is expected to take at least 18 months of consultation and planning before the actual construction of the submarines can begin. The US plans to sell between three and five Virginia-class submarines to Australia in the 2030s, before Australia starts building its own submarines in the 2040s. The US Navy and the US submarine industry are hoping to increase their production rate to meet the demand for both domestic and foreign submarines, but they face challenges such as supply chain fragility, labor shortages, cost overruns, and technology protection.
The second component is intended to foster deeper information sharing and technology sharing among the three AUKUS partners, but it also requires streamlining defense trade and export controls between them. The US Congress needs to approve four legislative proposals this year to authorize the transfer of submarines to Australia, to allow maintenance of US submarines in Australia and Britain, to authorize Australian funding for US shipyards and training of Australian workers, and to simplify defense trade between AUKUS partners.
The AUKUS deal is a historic and strategic initiative that aims to enhance the security and stability of the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. However, it also poses significant challenges and risks for the three countries involved and their allies and partners. The deal will require substantial investments, coordination, and oversight from the governments, parliaments, militaries, industries, and publics of the three countries.
Conclusion
The AUKUS deal is a historic and strategic initiative that aims to enhance the security and stability of the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. However, it also poses significant challenges and risks for the U.S. submarine industrial base, which is already under pressure to deliver submarines for the U.S. Navy and its allies. The deal will require substantial investments, coordination, and oversight from Congress, the Pentagon, the Navy, and the industry to ensure that it does not compromise the quality, quantity, or timeliness of the U.S. submarine fleet.
We at Americans for a Stronger Navy believe that AUKUS could be a worthwhile and beneficial endeavor that could strengthen our naval power and our alliances. However, we also acknowledge that there are different views and perspectives on this deal, both within and outside the U.S. We think that it is important to learn more from those who support and those who oppose the deal, and to understand their arguments and concerns. We also think that it is vital to hear from the American public, who ultimately have a stake in the future of our naval force and our national security. Therefore, we invite you to share your opinions and feedback on AUKUS with us, and to join the conversation on this topic with your fellow Americans.
• Some Republican lawmakers, such as Representative Rob Wittman, the ranking member of the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces. He said that the plan to sell Virginia-class submarines to Australia would “unacceptably weaken our own submarine fleet without a clear plan to replace them” and that the administration has not provided any evidence that the submarine industrial base can handle the additional workload. Click here to review additional detail.
• Some defense analysts, such as Bryan Clark, a former Navy strategist and senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. He said that selling submarines to Australia would reduce the number of attack submarines available to the U.S. Navy and that the Navy should prioritize building its own next-generation attack submarine (SSN-X) before exporting it. Click here for additional detail.
Some of the groups and individuals who are concerned about U.S. technology getting into the wrong hands are:
• Some Democratic lawmakers, such as Senator Edward Markey, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He said that he was “deeply concerned” about the potential for nuclear proliferation and leakage of sensitive technology as a result of the AUKUS deal and that he would seek assurances from the administration that it would not undermine the global nonproliferation regime. Click here for additional detail.
• Some former U.S. officials, such as Richard Armitage, a former deputy secretary of state under George W. Bush. He said that he was “very nervous” about sharing nuclear propulsion technology with Australia and Britain and that he feared that it could be compromised by China or other adversaries. Click here for additional detail.
The AUKUS deal, which involves supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines, has sparked a heated debate among various stakeholders in the U.S. and abroad. Some of them have expressed opposition or concern about the deal, based on different reasons and perspectives. For example, some Republican lawmakers, such as Representative Rob Wittman, argue that the deal would weaken the U.S. submarine fleet and industrial base, without a clear plan to replace the submarines sold to Australia. Some defense analysts, such as Bryan Clark, suggest that the deal would reduce the availability of attack submarines for the U.S. Navy and that the Navy should prioritize building its own next-generation submarine (SSN-X) before exporting it. Some Democratic lawmakers, such as Senator Edward Markey, are worried about the potential for nuclear proliferation and leakage of sensitive technology as a result of the deal and seek assurances from the administration that it would not undermine the global nonproliferation regime. Some former U.S. officials, such as Richard Armitage, are nervous about sharing nuclear propulsion technology with Australia and Britain and fear that it could be compromised by China or other adversaries.
We will continue to monitor and report on this topic as it unfolds. We invite you to follow along and read more reports and studies on this topic as we delve deeper into this important and timely issue. We also welcome your feedback and suggestions as we seek to inform and engage our members and friends on behalf of Americans for a Stronger Navy. The time to act is now. Stay tuned for more updates soon.
To Our Valued Members and Friends of Americans for a Stronger Navy,
Greetings,
Bill Cullifer, founder
As the founder of Americans for a Stronger Navy, I felt the pressing need to share my insights on a topic that is of paramount importance to our nation’s security and future. Our Naval force is not just a testament to our military prowess but a symbol of our commitment to safeguarding global peace and ensuring the freedom of our seas.
It’s undeniable that our U.S. Navy, along with other branches of our defense, has faced readiness challenges in recent times. A recent GAO report shed light on the Department of Defense’s (DOD) ongoing efforts to balance the readiness of its existing forces with the desire to modernize. Notably, the report highlighted the readiness challenges identified by the GAO across various domains, including the sea.
From the challenges of the pandemic to external geopolitical pressures, the Navy is facing a ship repair crisis that impacts its readiness. Recent data in the last fiscal year indicates only 36% of surface ship maintenance was completed on time, a decline from 44% in the preceding fiscal year. Furthermore, the GAO analysis of DOD readiness data points out that resource readiness ratings, which measure the status of personnel, equipment, supplies, and training, are a vital metric. These ratings provide a deeper understanding of how equipped our forces are to execute their designated missions.
Why Does This Matter?
Nearly two decades of conflict have degraded military readiness, the Navy included. As the GAO study reveals, to maintain our military’s advantage in this new age characterized by great-power competition, the DOD is earnestly working to rebuild and restore readiness while also embarking on modernization. Every delay, every deferred maintenance schedule, has real-world implications – from extended deployments for our sailors to decreased deterrence capabilities against potential adversaries.
Voices That Matter
I echo the sentiments of the now-retired Vice Admiral William Galinis, who once rightly pointed out the importance of continuous investment in our shipyards, saying, “We must continue to invest in our shipyards – both public and private – as they are critical enablers of our naval power projection.”
It’s not just the Navy’s higher-ups who understand this. The industry, the backbone of our naval infrastructure, has been vocal about its commitment. Jennifer Boykin, president of Newport News Shipbuilding, remarked, “We bring our expertise and experience in shipbuilding, engineering, and digital transformation to help the Navy achieve its goals and overcome its challenges.”
Brent Sadler, Senior Research Fellow, Naval Warfare and Advanced Technology, Center for National Defense, U.S. Navy officer and author of the highly acclaimed U.S. Naval Power in the 21st Century: A New Strategy for Facing the Chinese and Russian Threat, commented, “How the U.S. Navy plans and builds its fleet is particularly important given the time frames required to recapitalize shipbuilding infrastructure, design, and build a larger modern fleet to meet maritime threats from China and Russia. Yet the Navy, shipbuilders, Congress, and the public do not seem to be on the same page. A better understanding of the foundational principles involved in shipbuilding can help to bridge these divides and also help the nation to recapture its maritime prowess and ensure that our maritime industry delivers warships on budget and on time. By focusing on best engineering design and construction principles rather than merely on numbers of ships commissioned, the Navy and shipbuilders can build the Navy the nation needs.”
A Straight Shooter’s Perspective
In all transparency, advocating for a stronger Navy is not about endorsing a particular industry. As the founder of Americans for a Stronger Navy, my primary motivation is a heartfelt desire to serve our great nation in the best way I know. I genuinely believe that many in the industry resonate with this sentiment. As the GAO report suggests, continued focus on the readiness of our existing forces is crucial as the DOD will rely on much of today’s force for decades to come.
An Invitation for Insightful Exploration
I encourage each and every one of our members and friends to review the recent GAO report in its entirety. Understanding the intricate dynamics of our Navy’s readiness and the broader implications for our national security is vital. Please find the report linked below. While I’ve shared my perspective, it’s essential to draw your own conclusions and engage in informed discussions. Together, our collective insight and understanding will only further the cause we so passionately champion.
Conclusion
The challenges faced by our Navy are profound, but they are not insurmountable. We stand at a pivotal moment in history, where our collective actions, advocacy, and awareness can bring about tangible positive changes. The essence of our Navy’s strength isn’t just in its formidable ships or advanced technologies; it lies in the indomitable spirit of the American people who support, maintain, and advance its mission. As we unite in purpose and commitment, let us also remember the tireless individuals – both in uniform and the civilian sectors – who strive daily to ensure our Navy remains a beacon of strength, deterrence, and hope in an increasingly complex world. Your involvement and voice matter. Together, we sail stronger.
Lone Sailor, Oahu Naval Base Honolulu, HI – Wikipedia
Hello dear members and subscribers of the Americans for a Stronger Navy.
Bill Cullifer, founder
Today, I embark on sharing a podcast series that’s special to me. It interweaves my service in the Navy, a representative statue symbolizing sailors worldwide, and an inspiring tale of a man named Dan Maloney. Through him, a face was given to this iconic figure.
Over the next few months, we’ll unravel the detailed story of the Lone Sailor statue, the craftsmen behind it, and my intertwined connection to its legacy.
As someone who’s served in the U.S. Navy, I’ve always felt a strong connection to its history, its values, and its symbols. This statue isn’t just a piece of art; it’s a testament to the service and sacrifice of sailors around the globe.
Here’s what we have in store:
Episode 1: “The Origin of The Lone Sailor: A Legacy Cast in Bronze”
Dan Maloney and the Lone Sailor, San Francisco. CA. Image courtesy of Dan Maloney
Dive into the rich history of the Lone Sailor statue, its significance, and the tale of Dan Maloney, a sailor whose life and service became intrinsically linked to this enduring symbol. Discover the artist’s vision, delve into the hurdles faced during its creation—including the intricate approval process by various committees—and grasp its broader significance in representing all who’ve served in the U.S.Navy.
Episode 2: “Navigating Troubled Waters: Dan Maloney’s Naval Journey”
Dan Maloney and the Lone Sailor, Washington D.C.- Image courtesy of Dan Maloney
Set sail on Dan Maloney’s naval adventures. From his early years to his rise through the ranks, uncover the trials, tribulations, and triumphs of Naval life during the tumultuous Cold War era.
Episode 3: “Beyond the Bronze: Secrets, Art, and Politics”
Art meets politics in this deep dive into the hidden stories surrounding the Lone Sailor. From the politics of recognition to personal anecdotes, explore the intricate tapestry of duty, art, and politics.
Episode 4: “Full Circle: Revisiting the Lone Sailor in Oahu”
Reconnect with the Lone Sailor as we circle back to its resting place in Oahu. Revel in shared Naval experiences, discussions on heritage, and a reflection on the values the statue embodies.
As we embark on this journey, I invite you to immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of stories, experiences, and insights that the Lone Sailor symbolizes.
Episode 1: “The Origin of The Lone Sailor: A Legacy Cast in Bronze”
Lone Sailor, Honolulu. HI image by Bill Cullifer
In January 2018, while visiting Honolulu, HI. to manage my deceased father’s estate, I found myself standing before the recently erected Lone Sailor statue on the Navy base at Pearl Harbor. The weight of its presence was noticeable – this symbolic figure with a chiseled face resonated deeply with me, a former Navy man myself.
The statue conveyed the ethos of every sailor: the valor, the longing, the adventures of the seas, memories of home, and the dedication to service and country.
But my connection to this iconic figure goes beyond my personal experience. In fact; I only recently discovered the intriguing story behind it.
While promoting educational initiatives sponsored by the newly founded, ‘Americans for a Stronger Navy’, which I founded and now manage, I stumbled upon the story of Dan Maloney and the Lone Sailor on social media. Reading about his experiences, I realized he was someone I’d not only want to interview but genuinely like to meet in person.
In my interactions with Dan for the ‘Americans for a Stronger Navy’ initiative, our conversations were both insightful and illuminating. To me, Dan embodies a notable progression and dedication I envision for our Navy. His personal journey, from being the face of the Lone Sailor statue to remaining committed to the Navy and ultimately becoming an officer, stands as a testament to resilience and commitment. We shared tales of Hawaii’s Diamond Head, reminisced about our service days, bonded over classic rock concerts, and discussed the profound significance of the statue in our lives. Among the shared narratives, a touching story about his mother visiting the statue and her unique bond with the construction crew of 1987.
Stanley Bleifeld’s Vision:
The Lone Sailor wasn’t just any sculpture for Bleifeld; it was a homage to naval service worldwide. As a WWII sailor himself, he was deeply connected to the essence of Naval service, and this statue was a means to eternalize that essence. He envisioned a sailor who embodied every facet of naval life – the courage, the commitment, and the sacrifice. In young submariner Dan Maloney, he saw the face that would represent all sailors, past, present, and future.
Creating the Lone Sailor wasn’t just about crafting a statue; it was about capturing an essence that represented sailors universally. When renowned sculptor Stanley Bleifeld envisioned his masterpiece, he was aware that its resonance and impact would be felt by countless sailors and their families. But before his vision could be set in bronze, it had to navigate the complexities of approval.
The design journey of the Lone Sailor was punctuated by numerous committee evaluations. Each committee, comprising individuals with varied perspectives and stakes in the statue, reviewed and critiqued the design.
These committees played a crucial role, ensuring that the statue not only embodied artistic prowess but also accurately represented the ethos and spirit of Naval service. This multi-layered approval process added time and challenges to the project, but it was necessary to ensure that the final product was something that every sailor, past and present, could look at with pride.
Dan graciously shared two key documents, illuminating the depths of his connection with the statue. First, an article from the Navy Times in 2001 offers an intimate first-person recounting of the day this impressive bronze figure was revealed to the world.
The first, an article from the Navy Times in 2001, portrayed an intimate first-person account of the day the statue was unveiled.
The second revealed the detailed account of the statue’s birth. World War II sailor and renowned sculptor, Stanley Bleifeld, faced multiple challenges to finalize the statue. And the face of the sailor? It was modeled after young submariner Daniel Maloney. But this series delves deeper than just art and legacy; it’s a journey through time, memories, shared experiences, and the many challenges faced by those who’ve served. Stay Tuned…”
But who is Dan Maloney? And how did his face become immortalized in bronze? Find out in our next episode, where we will explore his Naval journey, his challenges, and his triumphs”
In our next installment, we will delve deeper into Dan’s life beyond the statue, the heartfelt story of his mother and the construction crew, and more on how our paths converged in unexpected ways. Ready to navigate troubled waters?
Join us as we sail through the seas of history, art, and service.
