Welcome to ‘Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power’.
In this insightful episode, we have the honor of featuring Dr. Bruce Jones, a distinguished expert from the Talbot Center on Security, Strategy, and Technology, and the Center on East Asia Policy. Dr. Jones, known for his acclaimed work ‘To Rule the Waves’, brings a wealth of knowledge to our discussion on the critical issues shaping maritime power in our rapidly evolving global landscape.
Join us as we continue ‘Charting the Course’ for American Naval Power, exploring how maritime trade and security are pivotal in shaping the world order.”
In our dynamic global environment, we explore pressing questions:
Are we entering a new era of maritime power struggles due to climate change and intensified sea-based globalization?
What constitutes ‘ruling the waves’ in terms of maritime shipping dominance? How are factors like ship ownership, port control, and trade flow interconnected?
Dr. Jones discusses the vulnerability of container-based supply chains. Can he provide a specific incident of piracy or disruption that caused substantial economic impact?
What emerging threats, such as cyberattacks, climate disruptions, and political instability, are facing container shipping, and how can the US Navy and other stakeholders respond?
How will technological advancements like automation and AI reshape the future of container shipping, and what are the implications for efficiency, security, and workforce dynamics?
What is the current state of global trade, naval power, and the impact of climate change on oceans? What challenges and implications do these trends pose for the future world order?
Finally, how does the history of maritime trade and power mirror the patterns of post–Cold War globalization, with historical examples to support this relation?
The Philippine and US Navy have initiated high-stakes joint maritime drills in the South China Sea, as regional tensions with China continue to escalate. This marks a significant step in defense cooperation between the two nations.
Joint Maritime Exercise Details
The drills, starting on January 3, 2024, are the second such exercise in less than two months, highlighting the increasing frequency and intensity of military cooperation in the face of Chinese assertiveness in the region. Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has been actively strengthening defense ties with the US, as well as other allies like Japan and Australia, in response to China’s expansive claims over the South China Sea.
NHK World-Japan has confirmed that the Philippines and the United States began a two-day joint patrol in the South China Sea, underscoring the ongoing dispute in the region.
The Japan Times has reported that China conducted navy and air force patrols in the South China Sea, coinciding with the maritime drills by the U.S. and the Philippines in the same
China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi has expressed concerns over these developments, indicating “serious difficulties” in Beijing-Manila relations. The exercises included a variety of naval maneuvers and operations, involving multiple vessels and aircraft from both nations, aimed at enhancing interoperability and sending a strong message about the commitment to a rules-based international order and a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
Takeaways
Increased Frequency of Drills: The recent exercises underscore a growing pattern of joint military operations in the region.
Strengthening Alliances: The Philippines is actively enhancing defense relations with the US and other regional powers.
China’s Reaction: China’s response to these drills indicates a growing concern and potential diplomatic strain with the Philippines.
Focus on a Rules-based Order: The drills are a clear message to uphold international maritime laws and freedom of navigation in the contested waters.
The joint maritime exercises between the Philippines and the US represent a significant development in regional defense dynamics. They not only demonstrate the robustness of the Philippine-US alliance but also signify a broader commitment to maintaining stability and a rules-based order in the South China Sea amidst rising tensions.
The U.S. Navy destroyer Carney shot down multiple missiles and drones fired by Iranian-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen on U.S. Navy
The US Navy has a vital role in ensuring the security and stability of the Middle East and the world. However, recent events have shown that the Navy is facing new and complex threats in the Red Sea and the Suez Canal, two strategic waterways that connect Europe, Asia and Africa.
Why the Red Sea matters
The Red Sea is a narrow and shallow body of water that separates Africa from the Arabian Peninsula. It is a crucial route for global trade, as it links the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean through the Suez Canal. According to the US Energy Information Administration, about 9% of the world’s seaborne oil trade passes through the Red Sea.
The Red Sea is also a hotspot for regional conflicts and tensions. On one side, there is Yemen, where a civil war has been raging since 2014 between the internationally recognized government and the Iran-backed Houthi rebels. The Houthis have repeatedly attacked Saudi Arabia, a US ally and the leader of a coalition that supports the Yemeni government, with missiles, drones and naval mines. The Houthis have also targeted commercial ships and oil tankers in the Red Sea, posing a threat to maritime security and the global energy supply
On the other side, there is Egypt, which controls the Suez Canal and has a long-standing rivalry with Ethiopia over the Nile River. Ethiopia is building a massive hydroelectric dam on the Nile, which Egypt fears will reduce its share of the water and endanger its food security. The dispute has escalated into a diplomatic crisis, with both countries accusing each other of violating international law and threatening military action. The US has tried to mediate the conflict, but so far without success.
Why the Suez Canal matters
The Suez Canal is a man-made waterway that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. It was built by the French in the 19th century and nationalized by Egypt in 1956, sparking a war with Britain, France and Israel. The canal was closed twice in the 20th century, during the Suez Crisis of 1956 and the Six-Day War of 1967, disrupting global trade and triggering oil crises. The canal was reopened in 1975 and has since been expanded and modernized to accommodate larger ships and more traffic.
The Suez Canal is one of the most important chokepoints in the world, as it allows ships to avoid the long and costly detour around Africa. According to the Suez Canal Authority, about 50 ships pass through the canal every day, carrying about 12% of the world’s trade and 8% of the world’s oil. The canal is also a strategic asset for the US Navy, as it enables the rapid deployment of naval forces from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean and vice versa.
The Suez Canal, however, is not immune to accidents and disruptions. In March 2021, a giant container ship, the Ever Given, ran aground in the canal and blocked it for six days, causing a massive traffic jam and a global supply chain crisis. The incident highlighted the vulnerability of the canal to human error, technical failure and bad weather. It also raised questions about the adequacy of the canal’s infrastructure, management and security
Why America should care
The US has a vital interest in maintaining the security and stability of the Red Sea and the Suez Canal, as they are essential for the global economy, the energy market and the regional balance of power. The US also has a moral and legal obligation to protect its allies and partners in the region, such as Saudi Arabia, Israel and Egypt, from external and internal threats.
The US Navy, therefore, has a key role in safeguarding the freedom of navigation and the flow of commerce in these waterways. The Navy has deployed several ships and aircraft to the region, including the USS Carney, a guided-missile destroyer that has shot down several drones launched by the Houthis in the Red Sea.
In addition to the USS Carney, the US Navy has also announced a new international mission to counter the escalating Houthi attacks on ships in the Red Sea. The mission, dubbed Operation Sentinel, aims to enhance maritime security and deter aggression in the region. The US will work with its allies and partners, such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom, to provide escort and surveillance services to commercial vessels and ensure the freedom of navigation in the vital waterway. The Navy has also offered to help the Egyptian authorities to clear the Suez Canal after the Ever Given incident.
However, the Navy also faces new and complex challenges in the region, such as the increasing sophistication and proliferation of the Houthi weapons, the rising tensions and potential conflicts between Egypt and Ethiopia, and the growing influence and presence of other actors, such as Russia, China and Iran. The Navy also has to balance its resources and priorities with other regions, such as the Indo-Pacific and Europe, where it faces similar or greater threats.
The US Navy, therefore, needs to adapt and innovate to cope with the changing dynamics and demands in the Red Sea and the Suez Canal. The Navy needs to enhance its intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities, to detect and deter any hostile or suspicious activities in the region. The Navy also needs to strengthen its cooperation and coordination with its allies and partners, to share information, resources and responsibilities. The Navy also needs to invest in its infrastructure, technology and personnel, to ensure its readiness and resilience.
The Red Sea and the Suez Canal are vital lifelines for the world and the US. The US Navy is the guardian of these lifelines, and it must be prepared and equipped to face any challenges and opportunities in the region.
This just in from Reuters:
U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin announced on Tuesday plans to set up a multinational coalition to safeguard Red Sea shipping called Operation Prosperity Guardian. During a trip to the Middle East, he said the operations would be joined by Britain, Bahrain, Canada, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Seychelles and Spain.
This has been the response according to Reuters
France France’s Defence Ministry said it supported efforts to secure freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and surrounding area and said it already operated in the region. But it said its ships would stay under French command and did not say if it would deploy more naval forces. Advertisement · Scroll to continue Report this ad France has a naval base in the United Arab Emirates and 1,500 troops in Djibouti. Its frigate Languedoc is now in the Red Sea.
Italy Italy’s Defence Ministry said it would send naval frigate Virginio Fasan to the Red Sea to protect its national interests in response to specific requests made by Italian shipowners. It said this was part of its existing operations and was not part of Operation Prosperity Guardian.
Spain
Spain’s Defence Ministry said it would only participate in NATO-led missions or EU-coordinated operations. “We will not participate unilaterally in the Red Sea operation,” it said.
Britain
Britain said destroyer HMS Diamond would join Operation Prosperity Guardian. Britain’s defence ministry said the coalition would operate as part of the U.S.-led CMF.
Others
The Netherlands said it would send two staff officers and Norway said it would send 10 naval officers to Bahrain, the headquarters of CMF.
KEY POINTS ACCORDING T0 CNBC
The U.S. launched Operation Prosperity Guardian, an expansion of its maritime defense force in the Red Sea amid mounting attacks from the Iran-backed Houthi rebel group. Several major companies like BP and Maersk have paused shipping in the Red Sea as danger from Houthi drone strikes escalates. An expanded military presence in the Red Sea comes as the U.S. eyes potential flare-ups of spreading regional conflict as the Israel-Hamas war continues.
Share this blog post with your friends, family, and network to spread the word about the US Navy and its challenges in the Red Sea and the Suez Canal. The more people know about the Navy and its role, the more they will appreciate and support it. You can share this blog post on social media, email, or any other platform you prefer. You will also help us to reach more potential supporters.
An open letter to America from Americans for a Stronger Navy
About Me
As the founder of Americans for a Stronger Navy and a former member of the United States Navy, I have witnessed firsthand the profound impact that the Navy has on individuals, communities, and our nation. My experience in the Navy was not merely a commitment of time; it profoundly deepened my appreciation and respect for the dedication and sacrifice of those who serve and significantly reshaped my worldview.
Serving in the Navy, I learned the importance of self-discipline, collaborating effectively with others, and adaptability. These values, along with fair play, were not mere abstract concepts but daily practices that guided us through challenging times. They fostered in me a newly found appreciation for the value of unity and respect for tradition.
The sense of shared purpose and my commitment to these values, experienced during my service in the Navy, have been compelling reasons for establishing Americans for a Stronger Navy. This initiative is crucial in addressing the need to advocate for and strengthen our naval forces amidst rising global threats and the safeguarding of critical infrastructure.
About Americans for a Stronger Navy
This organization is not just an education foundation and advocacy group; it is a tribute to the men and women who have served and continue to serve in our Navy. It represents our collective effort to ensure that our Navy remains strong, not just in terms of military might, but as a beacon of hope, freedom, and peace through strength.
We support and promote the Navy’s values and achievements, and encourage people to join or volunteer to support the Navy. We also educate and inform the public about the importance and relevance of the Navy and its role in the world. We believe that a strong Navy is essential for our national security, our global leadership, and our prosperity.
About the Army-Navy Game
The Army-Navy game, an event I hold dear, encapsulates these values and traditions. It’s more than a game; it’s a celebration of our military’s spirit and dedication. As I watched this year’s game, I was reminded of my days in the Navy, the sense of pride and the responsibility it entailed. This game is a vivid representation of the excellence, discipline, and teamwork cultivated in our service members, traits that are essential both on and off the field.
As we reflect on the Army-Navy game of 2023, set against the backdrop of significant historical milestones and current national achievements, it’s a reminder of the enduring legacy and relevance of our naval service. This game, and our ongoing efforts, are not just about supporting the Navy; they are about upholding the values that define us as a nation and as individuals committed to cause greater than ourselves.
The Army-Navy Game 2023: A Win for Both Teams and for America
Dear America,
We are Americans for a Stronger Navy, a group that advocates for a robust U.S. Navy, and believes in peace through strength. We are writing to you today to share our perspective and insights on the Army-Navy game 2023, and to congratulate both teams for a great game.
The game was also a close and exciting one, with both teams showing their skills and spirit. The final score was Army 17, Navy 11. We are proud of our service members and their performance and achievements in the game. We respect and appreciate the players and the teams, and their values and ethics. We thank everyone who supported and cheered for our sailors and soldiers, and we look forward to the next game in 2024.
The game was also a win for the spirit and tradition of the Army-Navy game, as it reflects the values and culture of the military academies and the armed forces. The game is more than just a sporting event, it is a symbol of the honor and duty that the Navy and the Army uphold and embody. It is also a testament to the sportsmanship, the sense of community, and the pride that the Navy and the Army share and inspire.
One of the most touching and inspiring moments of the game was the tradition of singing the alma mater of both schools at the end of the game, and how it showed sportsmanship and unity among the players and the fans.
The tradition also shows the resilience and determination of the players and the teams, who faced many challenges and difficulties during the pandemic, such as limited practice time, frequent testing, and strict protocols. As former Army coach Bob Sutton said, “They’ve gone through more than any other team in America to play this game. They’ve had to do things that most of us can’t even imagine. And yet they’ve done it with such class and such dignity.”
The game also shows the modernization and innovation of the Navy and the Army, and how they are working together to achieve a common goal, and how they are leveraging the latest technology and innovation to enhance their capabilities and performance. The game also shows how the Navy and the Army are collaborating with our allies and partners, and how they are contributing to our national security, our global leadership, and our prosperity.
One of the most exciting and promising developments in this regard is the Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2) concept, which the Department of Defense has developed to connect sensors from all branches of the military into a unified network powered by artificial intelligence JADC2 is intended to provide the warfighting capability to sense, make sense, and act at all levels and phases of war, across all domains, and with partners, to deliver information advantage at the speed of relevance.
JADC2 is a game-changer for the Navy and the Army, as it will enable them to operate more effectively and efficiently in all operational domains, across echelons, and with our mission partners. JADC2 will also allow them to use automation, artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, and machine learning to improve their decision making and performance in the game and in the battlefield.
The Department of Defense has recently released the JADC2 Implementation Plan, which outlines the vision, goals, objectives, and actions for achieving JADC2 by 2028 . The plan also describes the JADC2 strategy, which consists of four lines of effort: developing joint warfighting concepts and processes, delivering joint network and transport capabilities, integrating joint fires and effects, and advancing joint information advantage.
The Navy and the Army are actively involved in the JADC2 efforts, and have demonstrated their commitment and readiness to implement the JADC2 concept. For example, the Navy has conducted several experiments and exercises to test and evaluate its JADC2 capabilities, such as the Project Overmatch, the Trident Warrior, and the Valiant Shield. The Army has also conducted several experiments and exercises to test and evaluate its JADC2 capabilities, such as the Project Convergence, the Joint Warfighting Assessment, and the Defender Europe.
We are impressed and inspired by the Navy and the Army’s JADC2 achievements, and we are confident that they will continue to lead and excel in this domain. We believe that JADC2 is not only a vital component of our national defense, but also a reflection of our national values and identity. JADC2 represents our ability to join forces across all domains and with allies, and to use the best of our technology and innovation to protect and advance our interests and ideals.
We hope that you are as excited and proud of the Navy and the Army’s JADC2 efforts as we are. We hope that you will join us in supporting and cheering for the Navy and the Army in the next game, and in the future. We hope that you will also consider donating or volunteering for the Navy or the Army, or joining or recommending the Navy or the Army as a career option. We hope that you will also recognize and appreciate the impact and benefits of JADC2 for the Navy and the nation, and how it showcases the strength and excellence of the naval service.
We are Americans for a Stronger Navy, and we believe in peace through strength. We are proud of our Navy, and we are proud of our country. Go Navy, Beat Army!
A picture shared by US Central Command appears to show a guided missile submarine in the Suez Canal passing under the Al Salam Bridge northeast of Cairo.
Introduction
As Americans for a Stronger Navy, we stand with our brave sailors and Marines who are serving in the Middle East amid the ongoing turmoil and violence. We salute their courage and dedication to protect our nation and our allies from the threats posed by those that would harm us and we pray for their safety.
In a rare and bold move, the US military announced on Sunday that an Ohio-class guided missile submarine had arrived in the Middle East, a clear message of deterrence to our regional adversaries according to press reports.
The Ohio-class submarines are among the most formidable weapons in the US arsenal, capable of carrying up to 154 Tomahawk cruise missiles, each with a 1,000-pound high-explosive warhead. These submarines can deliver a lot of firepower very rapidly and accurately, and no opponent of the US can ignore their presence.
The announcement of the submarine’s arrival in the Middle East is unusual and significant, as the US military rarely discloses the movements or operations of its fleet of ballistic and guided missile subs. The deployment comes as the Biden administration is trying to avoid a broader conflict amid the Israel-Hamas war, and to prevent Iran and its allies from opening new fronts against Israel or attacking US bases and interests in the region.
The submarine’s location and range suggest that it is focused on the threats in and around the Mediterranean, where Hezbollah, the Lebanese militant group backed by Iran, has fired rockets and drones at northern Israel, and exchanged fire with Israeli forces on the border.
The submarine could also target the Houthi rebels in Yemen, another Iran-supported group that has launched missiles and drones at Israel from across the Red Sea.
Additionally, the submarine could deter or respond to any aggression from Iran itself, or from its proxies in Syria and Iraq, where they have been firing rockets and drones at US military bases.
The presence of the submarine in the Middle East has important implications for the regional security and stability, as it demonstrates the US commitment and resolve to defend its allies and interests, and to deter or retaliate against any attack.
The submarine also adds to the existing US naval assets in the area, including two carrier strike groups and an amphibious ready group, creating a formidable force that can project power and influence across the region. The submarine’s deployment could also affect the ongoing negotiations with Iran over its nuclear program, as it shows the US willingness and ability to use military force if diplomacy fails.
The submarine’s deployment demonstrates the US commitment and resolve to defend its allies and interests, and to deter or retaliate against any attack. The submarine also adds to the existing US naval assets in the area, creating a formidable force that can project power and influence across the region.
The Ohio-class submarines and the US Navy are vital for the national security and the global peace, as they protect our freedom, preserve our economic prosperity, and keep the seas open and free.
U.S. Has 4 Objectives in Middle Eastsays DOD
The Defense Department currently has four lines of effort in the Middle East, said Pentagon Press Secretary Air Force Brig. Gen. Pat Ryder, who briefed the media today.
Protection of U.S. forces and citizens in the region.
Flow of critical security assistance to Israel as it defends against further Hamas terrorist attacks. Coordination with the Israelis to help secure the release of hostages held by Hamas, to include American citizens.
Strengthening of force posture across the region to deter any state or nonstate actors from escalating the crisis beyond Gaza.
Strengthened force posture includes the deployment of the USS Gerald R. Ford and USS Dwight D. Eisenhower Carrier Strike Groups, which are currently in the U.S. Central Command area, along with an Ohio-class submarine.
Over the past few weeks there have been attacks by Iranian proxy groups at al-Asad air base, Iraq, and al-Tanf, Syria, on U.S. forces there, Ryder said.
The attacks, by drones and missiles, resulted in several dozen injuries, including a mix of minor injuries and traumatic brain injuries, he said.
Some of those injured didn’t immediately report their condition, he said.
“The reporting data is highly dependent on self-reporting when individual injuries are not visually evident to medical personnel providing care directly following an incident,” he said.
As Americans for a Stronger Navy, we support and advocate for a strong and modern naval force that can meet the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century.
We urge you to join us in our mission and to help us spread the word about the importance and value of the US Navy. Together, we can make a difference for our nation and our world through peace by strength.
Welcome to “Fleet Forward: Charting Tomorrow’s Navy,” a personal endeavor born from my commitment as your host Bill Cullifer, founder and former Destroyer Navy Sailor to ensure the enduring strength and capability of our Naval forces. With this series, inspired by our shared values and patriotic spirit, we aim to complement our upcoming December podcast series ‘Charting the Course: Navigating the Future of American Naval Power’. Here, we’ll not only delve into the Navy’s shipbuilding strategies but also the stories and people behind them, reflecting on our national security, economic vitality, and our role on the global stage.
The Importance of a Strong Navy
As we face evolving threats in an increasingly complex global landscape, a strong Navy is not just a matter of national pride—it is a crucial pillar of American security and global stability.
The Process of Naval Shipbuilding
Inspired by a blog post from Brent D. Sadler, former U.S. Naval Captain and author of U.S. Power in the 21st Century, Our journey will explore the labyrinthine process of designing, planning, and budgeting that goes into creating the Navy’s vessels, with a special emphasis on the cutting-edge DDG(X) program.
The Format of Our Series
This format ensures a cohesive presentation that begins with the “why” before diving into the “what” and “how” of the series content.
The Challenges and Opportunities of Naval Procurement
In the wake of the Congressional Budget Office’s (CBO) critical analysis and ensuing public debate sparked by commentary from experts like Brent Sadler, our series will untangle the complex web of factors influencing naval procurement decisions. We’ll dissect the multifaceted challenges of aligning strategic imperatives with fiscal responsibility, technological innovation with logistical practicality, and political ambition with operational necessity.
The Stakeholders and Perspectives of Naval Strategy
Each episode will feature voices from a spectrum of stakeholders—military officers, defense analysts, policymakers, industry experts, and academics—to illuminate the diverse perspectives that shape the Navy’s trajectory. From the drawing boards where the future of naval warfare begins to the congressional halls where budgets are debated and determined, we’ll provide you with a holistic view of what it takes to build a fleet capable of securing American interests on the global stage.
The DDG(X) Program
Our deep dive starts at the heart of controversy—the DDG(X) destroyer. As a linchpin of the Navy’s future force structure, this program epitomizes the technological ambition and the budgetary challenges inherent in modern naval shipbuilding. We’ll scrutinize its design process, how it fits into the broader naval architecture, and the strategic thinking that drives its development.
The Main Topics of Our Series
As we embark on this analytical voyage through the Navy’s shipbuilding endeavors, our series will navigate through eight key topics that capture the essence of the challenges and strategies underlying America’s naval future. We’ll be examining:
• The overarching goals of the Navy’s shipbuilding plans and their strategic significance.
• The fiscal landscape of naval procurement, including budgeting processes and cost control measures.
• The technological advancements and design considerations in modern shipbuilding, with a spotlight on the DDG(X) program.
• The industrial base and workforce development necessary for sustaining and advancing shipbuilding capabilities.
• The geopolitical implications of naval power, focusing on the dynamics with near-peer competitors such as China.
• Congressional oversight and legislative impact on Navy shipbuilding, including funding and authorization.
• The operational requirements driving the composition and capability needs of the future fleet.
• Alliances and partnerships, such as AUKUS, and their influence on U.S. shipbuilding plans and strategic positioning.
Conclusion
In our next episode, we will dissect the recent CBO report and expert critiques like those from Brent Sadler, setting the stage for a series that promises a thorough dissection of the Navy’s path forward. Each topic will build upon the last, creating a comprehensive narrative that brings clarity to the complex world of naval strategy and shipbuilding.
Join us as we steer through these topics with expert interviews, panel discussions, and in-depth analyses, providing a 360-degree view of what it takes to maintain a Navy capable of meeting tomorrow’s challenges.
An unmanned U.S. Navy vessel fired “lethal munitions” in international waters near the Middle East on Oct. 23, 2023. U.S. NAVAL FORCES CENTRAL COMMAND / U.S. 5TH FLEET
Dear Members and Friends,
Some news that demonstrates the U.S. Navy’s unmatched capabilities and leadership in the maritime domain.
On October 23, 2023, an unmanned U.S. Navy vessel successfully fired lethal munitions in international waters in the Middle East, marking the first time such an exercise has been carried out in the region. This unprecedented drill, dubbed Digital Talon, was conducted by the Navy’s Task Force 59, a team focusing on unmanned and artificial intelligence technologies.
Why Unmanned Systems Matter
Unmanned systems are a key component of the Navy’s strategy to respond to the growing threats from China, Russia, Iran, and other adversaries in the maritime domain. Unmanned systems offer the Navy numerous advantages, such as: • Reduced personnel and manpower requirements • Reduced risk to personnel • Lower operating costs • Greater persistence and range • Enhanced speed and accuracy of data processing • Greater access to denied areas • Faster decision cycle
By integrating unmanned systems with manned platforms and networks, the Navy can create true human-machine teaming that is ubiquitous across the fleet. These systems can enhance the Navy’s lethality, survivability, and agility in both peacetime and wartime operations.
How Digital Talon Worked
During Digital Talon, the Navy used a method called manned-unmanned teaming, which involves the coordination and collaboration between manned and unmanned assets to achieve a common objective. In this case, the objective was to identify and target simulated hostile forces using an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) equipped with a Lethal Miniature Aerial Missile System (LMAMS).
The USV, a MARTAC T-38 Devil Ray, was remotely controlled by a human operator ashore, who made the engagement decisions. The USV used its sensors and artificial intelligence to detect, track, and classify potential targets.
The USV then launched a missile from its LMAMS, which is a small, lightweight, and low-cost weapon system that can be mounted on various platforms. The missile successfully scored direct hits each time, destroying the target boat.
The entire process was overseen by Vice Adm. Brad Cooper, the commander of U.S. Naval Forces Central Command, U.S. 5th Fleet, and Combined Maritime Forces. He praised the achievement as a significant step forward and a demonstration of the Navy’s next-level capabilities.
What This Means for th Future
Digital Talon is the second time in as many months that the Navy has successfully demonstrated its unmanned and artificial intelligence capabilities in the Middle East.
In September, the Navy used 12 different unmanned platforms to track Iranian Navy and Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy ships and small boats over the course of several days. These exercises show that the Navy is not only developing and testing new technologies, but also applying them to real-world scenarios and challenges.
The Navy is committed to investing in advanced autonomy, robust networks, and unmanned systems to build a more lethal and distributed naval force for the future. The Navy is also working closely with its allies and partners to share best practices and lessons learned from these experiments. By doing so, the Navy is strengthening regional maritime security and enhancing deterrence against malign activity.
We at the Americans for a Stronger Navy are proud to support the Navy’s efforts to innovate and adapt to the changing security environment. We believe that unmanned systems are a vital part of the Navy’s arsenal and a force multiplier for our Sailors and Marines.
We urge you to join us in advocating for the continued funding and development of these systems, which will ensure the Navy’s dominance and readiness in the 21st century. Thank you for your attention and support.
Submarines are indeed an integral part of the U.S. Navy’s future. Many agree that the United States needs more submarines if it is to deter China in the Indo-Pacific and maintain its maritime superiority.
Submarines are stealthy, survivable, and lethal platforms that can operate in contested waters and deliver precision strikes, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and special operations.
However, the U.S. submarine industrial base is facing serious challenges that threaten its ability to deliver the submarines that the Navy needs on time and on budget.
The submarine industrial base consists of two main shipbuilders — General Dynamics Electric Boat and Huntington Ingalls Industries’ Newport News Shipbuilding — and hundreds of suppliers across the country that provide parts, materials, and services for submarine construction and maintenance.
The submarine industrial base is struggling to keep up with the growing demand for submarines, which has increased from one Virginia-class attack submarine per year in 2012 to two per year in 2021, plus the addition of the Columbia-class ballistic missile submarine program, which is the Navy’s top acquisition priority.
The Navy has recognized the importance of stabilizing and strengthening the submarine industrial base and has taken some actions to address its challenges. However, these actions are not enough.
The submarine industrial base needs more support and investment from Congress, the Department of Defense (DoD), and from our view, especially from the American public if we’re going to get anywhere. Decisions surrounding our national defense and industrial capabilities shouldn’t just be left to policymakers in isolation.
In our history, we’ve seen time and again the profound impact public opinion and support can have on shaping policy decisions. For our submarine industrial base and broader naval defense, public support isn’t just a nice-to-have; it’s the lynchpin.
While experts can identify problems and policymakers can draft solutions, it’s the collective will of the American people that determines our nation’s priorities.
By becoming informed, involved, and vocal about the importance of a strong and capable Navy, the American public can be the driving force that ensures our naval defense remains robust and prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.
We echo the sentiments of urging Congress and DoD, and we further advocate for the American public to support and invest in the submarine industrial base.
Specifically, we need to:
Raise awareness of the imminent risks facing our naval defense. The U.S. Navy’s capability to deter potential threats, maintain maritime superiority, and ensure national security is at stake. Delays and shortcomings in our submarine and surface fleet programs could leave us vulnerable in a rapidly evolving global security environment.
It’s essential to mobilize public support now for increased funding for both submarine and surface fleet programs alike, including infrastructure, support services, and the often overlooked but equally important logistics.
Invest in education and training in career techical education for shipyard building and management in areas such as welding pipefitting and for naval STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields. Beyond immediate funding and infrastructural upgrades, there’s an underlying need to address the skills gap.
If you are interested in learning more about the industrial base, the need for education and training, or supporting our cause, you can find more information at StrongerNavy.org.
Boats collide in South China Sea’s disputed waters. image from video from BBC.
Members and friends of the Americans for a Stronger Navy.
Today, I want to share with you a news story that is relevant and important for the future of U.S. naval power and our alliance with the Philippines.
Key takeaways
• Biden warns China. President Joe Biden has warned China that the US will defend the Philippines in case of any attack in the disputed South China Sea. The comments come days after two collisions between Filipino and Chinese vessels in the contested waters. Mr Biden reiterated his “ironclad” defense commitment to the Philippines under the Mutual Defense Treaty, which binds the US and the Philippines to defend each other in the event of an armed attack.
• Philippines contests China’s claims The Philippines has contested China’s claims to most of the South China Sea, which are based on a vague historical map known as the nine-dash line. The Philippines has also cut floating barriers and invited media to film what it calls Beijing’s dangerous moves at sea. The Philippines says that China’s “dangerous manoeuvres” have led to a collision between a China coast guard ship and a Filipino supply boat, and another incident where a Chinese militia boat “bumped” a Philippine coast guard vessel. The Filipino boats were on their way to a crumbling navy warship that Manila has marooned at the Second Thomas Shoal to reinforce its claims.
• Congress critical to AUKUS success Mr Biden also urged Congress to approve this year legislative proposals related to AUKUS, the defense technology partnership with Australia and Britain that involves supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines. Mr Biden said that AUKUS would enhance the US-Australia-UK partnership in developing and sharing advanced technologies, such as cyber, artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, and undersea capabilities. The legislative proposals include authorizing transfer of submarines to Australia, allowing maintenance of US submarines in Australia and Britain, authorizing Australian funding for US shipyards and training of Australian workers, and streamlining defense trade between AUKUS partners.
Why this matters
This news story matters because it shows that the US is committed to maintaining its presence and influence in the South China Sea, which is a vital waterway for global trade, security, and stability.
The South China Sea is also a flashpoint for potential conflict between China and its neighbors, especially the Philippines, which is an important strategic ally of the US. The US Navy has been conducting freedom of navigation operations and joint exercises with its allies and partners in the region to challenge China’s claims and actions.
The US has also been pursuing new initiatives, such as AUKUS, to enhance its naval capabilities and cooperation with its allies.
Why Americans should care
Americans should care about this news story because it affects their national interests and values. The South China Sea is not only a strategic waterway, but also a rich source of natural resources, such as fish, oil, gas, and minerals. The US has an interest in ensuring that these resources are shared equitably and peacefully among the claimant states, and not monopolized by China. The US also has an interest in upholding international law and norms, such as freedom of navigation and overflight, peaceful resolution of disputes, and respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity. The US also has an interest in strengthening its alliances and partnerships in the region, such as with the Philippines, Australia, and Britain, which share its democratic values and vision for a free and open Indo-Pacific.
Welcome back to our series: From Depths to Skies: Exploring the Future Landscape of U.S. Naval Power. In this series, we aim to inform and engage our members and friends on behalf of Americans for a Stronger Navy. We examine the current and future challenges and opportunities for the U.S. Navy in maintaining its global leadership and superiority in the maritime domain.
In the previous segment, we focused on the submarine fleet, one of the most important and complex elements of the U.S. naval power. We discussed its role, capabilities, and plans for modernization and acquisition. We also reviewed some of the reports and studies that have been published on this topic and provided our own analysis and recommendations.
In this segment, we will shift our attention to the submarine industrial base, which is the backbone of the submarine fleet. We will explore how the AUKUS defense technology partnership, which involves supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines, will affect the U.S. submarine industrial base and its ability to meet the demand for both domestic and foreign submarines. We will also look at how Congress and industry are responding to this challenge and what are some of the potential benefits and risks of this deal.
Proposed Funding for Submarine Industrial Base
On October 22, 2023, President Joe Biden submitted a supplemental budget request to Congress, which earmarks $3.4 billion for further investments in the U.S. submarine industrial base. This funding is intended to improve the build and sustainment rates for attack submarines in order to meet U.S. military requirements, and to support the commitments under AUKUS.
The supplemental budget request comes after 25 U.S. Republican lawmakers urged Biden in July to increase funding for the U.S. submarine fleet, saying that the plan under AUKUS to sell Australia Virginia-class nuclear-power submarines would “unacceptably weaken” the U.S. fleet without a clear plan to replace them.
The U.S. Navy also supports the supplemental budget request, saying that it is “critical” to ensure that the submarine industrial base can deliver both Virginia-class and Columbia-class submarines on time and on budget. The Navy also says that AUKUS will “strengthen our ability to deter aggression, defend our interests, and maintain our technological edge”.
Key Takeaways from Congressional Hearing
On October 25, 2023, a subcommittee of the House of Representatives Armed Services Committee held a hearing on AUKUS and its implications for the U.S. submarine industrial base. The hearing featured testimony from Mara Karlin, acting deputy under secretary of defense for policy; Vice Admiral William Houston, commander of the U.S. Navy’s Submarine Force; Rear Admiral Scott Pappano, program executive officer for Columbia-class submarines; and Rear Admiral David Goggins, program executive officer for submarines.
Some of the key takeaways from the hearing are:
• AUKUS contributes to building a more robust defense industrial base ecosystem that contributes to integrated deterrence; and … the submarine industrial base can and will support AUKUS.
• Congress is critical to the success of AUKUS, and needs to approve four legislative proposals this year: authorizing transfer of submarines to Australia; allowing maintenance of U.S. submarines in Australia and Britain; authorizing Australian funding for U.S. shipyards and training of Australian workers; and streamlining defense trade between AUKUS partners.
• The U.S. submarine industry is hoping to increase its production rate from 1.2 Virginia-class submarines per year to two – this on top of one Columbia-class submarine – but faces challenges such as supply chain fragility, labor shortages, and cost overruns.
• The AUKUS deal will require sharing sensitive U.S. technology with Australia and Britain, which poses risks such as leakage, espionage, or reverse engineering by adversaries or third parties.
• “AUKUS is an unprecedented opportunity to deepen our cooperation with two of our closest allies in developing cutting-edge capabilities that will ensure our collective security well into this century.” – Mara Karlin
• “This funding is critical to improve build and sustainment rates for attack submarines in order to meet U.S. military requirements, and will also support our commitments under AUKUS.” – Joint statement by Navy representatives
• “The fact is, the supply chain still remains very fragile. Any additional funding and support, whether it’s through the supplemental or other Navy support would be extremely helpful.” – Jason Aiken, General Dynamics’ chief financial officer
• “We are confident that we have the appropriate measures in place to protect our technology as we move forward with this initiative.” – Vice Admiral William Houston
• “The administration’s plan to sell Virginia-class submarines to Australia will unacceptably weaken our own submarine fleet without a clear plan to replace them. … The administration has not provided any evidence that our submarine industrial base can handle this additional workload without jeopardizing our own submarine programs.” – Representative Rob Wittman, ranking member of the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces.
Where We Stand
AUKUS deal is still being debated and negotiated by the governments and parliaments of the three countries involved: Australia, the UK, and the US. The deal also faces opposition and criticism from some other countries and groups, such as France, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, some Australian political parties and unions, some US lawmakers and analysts, and some environmental and anti-war activists.
The AUKUS deal has two main components: one is to help Australia acquire nuclear-powered submarines, and the other is to enhance joint capabilities and interoperability in areas such as cyber, artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, and undersea capabilities.
The first component is expected to take at least 18 months of consultation and planning before the actual construction of the submarines can begin. The US plans to sell between three and five Virginia-class submarines to Australia in the 2030s, before Australia starts building its own submarines in the 2040s. The US Navy and the US submarine industry are hoping to increase their production rate to meet the demand for both domestic and foreign submarines, but they face challenges such as supply chain fragility, labor shortages, cost overruns, and technology protection.
The second component is intended to foster deeper information sharing and technology sharing among the three AUKUS partners, but it also requires streamlining defense trade and export controls between them. The US Congress needs to approve four legislative proposals this year to authorize the transfer of submarines to Australia, to allow maintenance of US submarines in Australia and Britain, to authorize Australian funding for US shipyards and training of Australian workers, and to simplify defense trade between AUKUS partners.
The AUKUS deal is a historic and strategic initiative that aims to enhance the security and stability of the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. However, it also poses significant challenges and risks for the three countries involved and their allies and partners. The deal will require substantial investments, coordination, and oversight from the governments, parliaments, militaries, industries, and publics of the three countries.
Conclusion
The AUKUS deal is a historic and strategic initiative that aims to enhance the security and stability of the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. However, it also poses significant challenges and risks for the U.S. submarine industrial base, which is already under pressure to deliver submarines for the U.S. Navy and its allies. The deal will require substantial investments, coordination, and oversight from Congress, the Pentagon, the Navy, and the industry to ensure that it does not compromise the quality, quantity, or timeliness of the U.S. submarine fleet.
We at Americans for a Stronger Navy believe that AUKUS could be a worthwhile and beneficial endeavor that could strengthen our naval power and our alliances. However, we also acknowledge that there are different views and perspectives on this deal, both within and outside the U.S. We think that it is important to learn more from those who support and those who oppose the deal, and to understand their arguments and concerns. We also think that it is vital to hear from the American public, who ultimately have a stake in the future of our naval force and our national security. Therefore, we invite you to share your opinions and feedback on AUKUS with us, and to join the conversation on this topic with your fellow Americans.
• Some Republican lawmakers, such as Representative Rob Wittman, the ranking member of the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces. He said that the plan to sell Virginia-class submarines to Australia would “unacceptably weaken our own submarine fleet without a clear plan to replace them” and that the administration has not provided any evidence that the submarine industrial base can handle the additional workload. Click here to review additional detail.
• Some defense analysts, such as Bryan Clark, a former Navy strategist and senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. He said that selling submarines to Australia would reduce the number of attack submarines available to the U.S. Navy and that the Navy should prioritize building its own next-generation attack submarine (SSN-X) before exporting it. Click here for additional detail.
Some of the groups and individuals who are concerned about U.S. technology getting into the wrong hands are:
• Some Democratic lawmakers, such as Senator Edward Markey, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He said that he was “deeply concerned” about the potential for nuclear proliferation and leakage of sensitive technology as a result of the AUKUS deal and that he would seek assurances from the administration that it would not undermine the global nonproliferation regime. Click here for additional detail.
• Some former U.S. officials, such as Richard Armitage, a former deputy secretary of state under George W. Bush. He said that he was “very nervous” about sharing nuclear propulsion technology with Australia and Britain and that he feared that it could be compromised by China or other adversaries. Click here for additional detail.
The AUKUS deal, which involves supplying Australia with nuclear-powered submarines, has sparked a heated debate among various stakeholders in the U.S. and abroad. Some of them have expressed opposition or concern about the deal, based on different reasons and perspectives. For example, some Republican lawmakers, such as Representative Rob Wittman, argue that the deal would weaken the U.S. submarine fleet and industrial base, without a clear plan to replace the submarines sold to Australia. Some defense analysts, such as Bryan Clark, suggest that the deal would reduce the availability of attack submarines for the U.S. Navy and that the Navy should prioritize building its own next-generation submarine (SSN-X) before exporting it. Some Democratic lawmakers, such as Senator Edward Markey, are worried about the potential for nuclear proliferation and leakage of sensitive technology as a result of the deal and seek assurances from the administration that it would not undermine the global nonproliferation regime. Some former U.S. officials, such as Richard Armitage, are nervous about sharing nuclear propulsion technology with Australia and Britain and fear that it could be compromised by China or other adversaries.
We will continue to monitor and report on this topic as it unfolds. We invite you to follow along and read more reports and studies on this topic as we delve deeper into this important and timely issue. We also welcome your feedback and suggestions as we seek to inform and engage our members and friends on behalf of Americans for a Stronger Navy. The time to act is now. Stay tuned for more updates soon.
